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In a household income survey, high-income households are less likely to answer than others. Which consequence is possible if researchers ignore this pattern?

Answer and explanation

Correct answer: The estimated average income may be biased downward because high-income households are underrepresented

When nonresponse is related to the variable being measured, respondents may not represent the population accurately. Underrepresentation of high-income households can reduce the observed mean income.

Related tags

Nonresponse BiasHousehold IncomeSurvey SamplingStatistical Estimates

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