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If S_n - S_{n-1} = 84 and S_m = 990, what is n - m?

Answer and explanation

Correct answer: 40

For the sequence of natural numbers, S_k denotes 1 + 2 + ... + k. The essential property of consecutive partial sums is S_n - S_{n-1} = n, because the only term added when moving from S_{n-1} to S_n is n itself. Hence the first condition gives n = 84. For the second condition, S_m = m(m+1)/2 = 990. Multiplying by 2 gives m(m+1) = 1980. The positive integer solution is m = 44, since 44 × 45 / 2 = 990. Therefore n - m = 84 - 44 = 40. Option C is correct. Values 38, 39, and 41 can result from treating the consecutive-sum difference as a different term, solving the quadratic relation incorrectly, or subtracting the indices inaccurately. Both conditions must be interpreted using the same natural-number partial-sum definition.

Related tags

MathematicsSequencesPartial SumsNatural NumbersSequences And ProgressionsClass 9 McqSum Of First N Natural Numbers

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