Why was the Treaty of Brest-Litovsk a test of the Bolshevik promise of peace?

Correct answer: Because Russia had to accept difficult territorial losses for peace

The governing concept is the conflict between ending an unpopular war and accepting the cost of peace. The Bolsheviks had promised peace to soldiers and civilians exhausted by the First World War. The Treaty of Brest-Litovsk, signed in 1918, removed Russia from the war, but Germany imposed severe terms and Russia surrendered substantial territories. Thus the treaty tested whether the new government would keep its peace promise even when peace required an unpopular sacrifice. Option A is correct because it states both essential parts: withdrawal from war and territorial loss. Option B is false because Tsarism did not return; option C misstates the political effect, and option D reverses the treaty’s immediate purpose.