The spread of the movement without full party control shows which social force?

Spontaneous collective anger of the people

The governing concept is spontaneous mass mobilisation. A movement can expand when ordinary people respond collectively to shared hardships, even before a single political party has planned or directed every action. In Petrograd, food shortages, rising prices, poor working conditions, and wartime suffering produced broad public anger. Workers’ strikes and demonstrations then encouraged wider participation, while the weakening authority of the government allowed the unrest to spread. Option A is correct because it identifies popular, collective, and partly spontaneous action. Options B, C, and D assign the movement to forces that do not explain the social participation or the immediate causes of the unrest.

This is a Class 9 History question. Chapter: Socialism in Europe and the Russian Revolution. Topic: The February Revolution in Petrograd.