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Subjects

History

Pastoral Nomads and their Movements

This Class 9 History topic explores the seasonal movements of pastoral nomads within the broader chapter “Pastoralists in the Modern World.” Students learn why communities moved with their herds, how routes and grazing patterns were shaped by climate, grasslands and local economies, and how colonial forest laws, taxes, borders and restrictions affected their livelihoods. The topic also examines the ways pastoralists adapted to changing conditions and resisted policies that threatened their customary mobility.

Medium · Level 1 · 25 questions

Practice questions

01Why was seasonal movement necessary for pastoral nomads' life?

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02What was the importance of altitude in the winter and summer movement of Gujjar Bakarwals?

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03Gujjar Bakarwals coming to the lower hills of Jammu was linked with which condition?

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04Gujjar Bakarwals moving to high pastures in summer depended on which natural change?

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05Gaddi shepherds moving from the Siwaliks to Lahul-Spiti was what kind of movement?

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06Why was Rohtang Pass important in the journey of Gaddi shepherds?

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07Why should the movement of Himalayan pastoralists be understood with climate?

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08Dhangars moving from the central plateau of Maharashtra to the Konkan was linked with which season?

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09Why is the relation between Konkan peasants and Dhangars called mutual?

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10How was the stay of Dhangars' animals in fields useful for agriculture?

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11Why was it possible for Dhangars to stay on the central plateau during the monsoon?

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12How can the movement of Raikas be linked with Rajasthan's geography?

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13Why was the relation between Maru Raikas and camel rearing suitable for desert life?

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14Why was the Raika community so dependent on rainfall and fodder conditions?

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15Why are Banjaras called not only pastoralists but also traders?

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16Why are Gollas, Kurumas and Kurubas mentioned in the context of South India?

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17How can the movement of South Indian pastoralists be linked with uneven rainfall?

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18How was grazing animals in fields after harvest useful for both farmers and pastoralists?

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19Why can pastoral mobility be seen as a form of environmental knowledge?

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20What does the regularity of pastoral routes show?

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21Why could staying too long on one pasture become a problem for pastoralists?

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22What was the main similarity between Himalayan pastoralists and the Raikas of Rajasthan?

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23What was one major difference between the movements of Dhangars and Himalayan pastoralists?

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24Why is it incomplete to see pastoralist-peasant relations only as conflict?

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25Why were animals not only property but the basis of livelihood for pastoralists?

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