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What was the main ideological problem in the colonial idea of calling forests waste land?

Answer and explanation

Correct answer: It undervalued the livelihoods of local communities and the ecological importance of forests

Colonial officials often treated forests as ‘waste’ when they did not yield immediate revenue, cultivable land, or timber for the state. This was ideologically flawed because forests supported local livelihoods through fuel, fodder, food and medicines, while also protecting soil, water and biodiversity. Hence, B is correct. Railways and plantations actually contributed to deforestation, so D is incorrect. Exam tip: link ‘waste land’ with the colonial revenue-centred view of forests.

Related tags

Colonial ForestryWaste LandDeforestationForest CommunitiesLocal LivelihoodsEnvironmental HistoryWhy Deforestation?Why Deforestation

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