What was the relation between deforestation and colonial transport expansion?

Correct answer: Railway networks needed timber, land and construction materials

Under colonial rule, railway expansion required timber sleepers beneath tracks, land for railway lines and stations, and other construction materials. This led to large-scale tree felling and increased pressure on forests. Option A is incorrect because railways made extensive use of forest products, especially timber. Exam tip: link colonial railway expansion with timber sleepers and deforestation.