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Which option is the most balanced group of colonial causes of deforestation?

Answer and explanation

Correct answer: Expansion of agriculture, timber for railways and ships, plantations, revenue policies, and market demand

Deforestation under colonial rule resulted from several connected causes, not a single factor. Forest land was cleared to expand cultivation; large quantities of timber were needed for railway sleepers and ships; and forests were cleared for tea, coffee, and rubber plantations. Revenue policies and market demand further encouraged commercial exploitation of forests. Option B lists natural factors, but these were not the main drivers of large-scale colonial deforestation. Exam tip: remember the key trio—expansion of cultivation, railways, and plantations.

Related tags

Colonial DeforestationForest Society And ColonialismRailway TimberPlantationsColonial Revenue PolicyWhy Deforestation?Why DeforestationHistory

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