What was the role of market in understanding colonial deforestation?

Correct answer: Markets increased demand for timber for railways, ships and construction, as well as for plantation crops

During colonial rule, demand for timber rose sharply for railway sleepers, shipbuilding and construction. Forest land was also cleared to establish plantations of cash crops such as tea, coffee and rubber. Thus, expanding market demand became a major cause of deforestation. Option B is incorrect because colonial forest policies mainly aimed at commercial use, not the protection of all natural forests. Exam tip: Link colonial deforestation with railway timber and plantation agriculture.