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How did railways and plantations put different pressures on forests?

Answer and explanation

Correct answer: Railways increased demand for timber for sleepers and fuel, whereas plantations increased demand for forest land for cultivation

Railway expansion required huge quantities of timber for sleepers laid under tracks and for fuel. Plantations of tea, coffee and rubber, on the other hand, required forests to be cleared to obtain land for cultivation. Thus, railways mainly raised the demand for timber, while plantations converted forest land into agricultural land. Option A reverses these demands. Exam tip: remember railway—timber/sleepers; plantation—forest clearing for farmland.

Related tags

DeforestationColonial ForestryRailwaysPlantationsForest ClearanceClass 9 HistoryWhy Deforestation?Why Deforestation

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