Which is the most correct group of causes of deforestation?

Correct answer: Farming expansion, timber for railways and plantations

During the colonial period, forests were cleared to expand cultivation, large quantities of timber were needed for railway sleepers and other railway work, and plantations such as tea, coffee and rubber were developed. Therefore, option A gives the correct group of major causes of deforestation. Rain, clouds and wind are natural phenomena, not the main colonial causes of forest clearing. Exam tip: remember the trio—expansion of cultivation, railways and plantations.