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How is the contradiction of state gain and local loss visible in commercial forestry?

Answer and explanation

Correct answer: The state gained a regulated supply of timber and revenue, while local people's forest uses were restricted

Under commercial forestry, the colonial state reserved or protected forests to secure a regular timber supply and earn revenue. At the same time, local communities faced restrictions on customary uses such as grazing, collecting fuelwood, hunting, and shifting cultivation. Thus, option C shows both state gain and local loss. Options A and B wrongly suggest that state control ended. Exam tip: link ‘timber and revenue for the state’ with ‘restrictions on customary rights of communities.’

Related tags

Commercial ForestryColonial Forest PolicyForest RightsTimber RevenueLocal CommunitiesClass 9 HistoryThe Rise Of Commercial ForestryForest Society And Colonialism

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