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What was the combined effect of law and science in controlling forests?

Answer and explanation

Correct answer: Law limited rights and science planned production

The direct answer is A: law limited rights and science planned production. Colonial forest laws declared areas reserved or protected and restricted grazing, cutting, hunting and shifting cultivation. Scientific forestry then surveyed forests, selected commercially useful species, arranged plantations and prepared plans for regular timber production. Thus law supplied the authority to control people, while scientific management supplied a system for controlling trees and output. A is correct. B is wrong because colonial law increased restrictions rather than removing them, and science did not leave forests untouched. C is wrong because the system generally restricted shifting cultivation and strengthened, rather than removed, the Forest Department. D is wrong because railways and markets encouraged timber demand; they were not closed or ended. Exam cue: law controls access; science organises production.

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LawScienceForest Control

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