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What was the effect of Dutch forest policy on the rural economy in Java?

Answer and explanation

Correct answer: Control increased over villagers' resource use and labour

Direct answer: Option A, control increased over villagers' resource use and labour. Dutch forest policy changed forests from community-used spaces into regulated colonial resources. Step by step: forests supplied wood, grazing and other products to rural households; the Dutch claimed authority over these resources; villagers needed to follow rules, provide labour or obtain permission; their independent access and economic choices narrowed; therefore control over both resource use and labour increased. Option A is correct. Option B is wrong because the policy did not free villagers from all taxes. Option C is wrong because forest policy did not turn every village into a sea-trading centre. Option D is wrong because forests remained economically important to the colonial state. Memory cue: Dutch policy meant forest resources plus controlled rural labour.

Related tags

Rural EconomyForest PolicyJava

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