Major Physiographic Divisions

Correct answer: A. Himalaya is young fold mountains and Peninsular Plateau is an ancient stable landmass

The Himalaya is young fold mountains while the Peninsular Plateau is an old rocky part. Exam tip: remember age and formation together.

Correct answer: A. Both formation and age have been reversed

The Himalaya is young mountains and the Peninsular Plateau is an old stable landmass. Exam tip: catch reversed comparisons carefully.

Correct answer: A. Because it correctly shows the inner to outer Himalayan ranges

Himadri is northernmost, Himachal is middle and Shiwalik is southernmost. Exam tip: do not reverse the range order.

Correct answer: A. Long valleys between Himachal and Shiwalik

The direct answer is A: long valleys between the Himachal and Shiwalik ranges. The Himalayan system has parallel ranges. From the higher Great Himalaya toward the plains, the Himachal or Lesser Himalaya lies before the outer Shiwalik range. Longitudinal valleys occurring between these ranges are called duns or doon valleys. The reasoning is: identify a dun valley → look for a long valley between Himalayan ranges → especially between Himachal and Shiwalik → choose A. Option A is correct; Dehra Dun is a familiar example of this type of valley. Option B is wrong because coral islands of the Arabian Sea refer to Lakshadweep, not Himalayan valleys. Option C is wrong because sand dunes belong to dry desert landscapes such as the Thar, not to the relationship defining duns. Option D is wrong because deltas are depositional landforms at river mouths, especially on the eastern coast, not valleys between Himalayan ranges. Memory cue: dun means a longitudinal valley between the Lesser Himalaya and Shiwaliks.

Correct answer: A. Himachal or Middle Himalaya

These famous valleys are linked with the Middle Himalaya region. Exam tip: connect valleys with Himachal range.

Correct answer: A. Near Brahmaputra, Himalaya bends southward and extends into these hills

Purvanchal hills are linked with the eastern bend of the Himalaya. Exam tip: study eastern bend and Purvanchal together.

Correct answer: A. Flat land, alluvial soil and river deposits

Northern Plains are flat alluvial land made by river deposits. Exam tip: connect agriculture clue with plains.

Correct answer: A. Streams sink in Bhabar and a moist region forms again in Terai

Bhabar is a coarse deposit belt and Terai is the moist belt to its south. Exam tip: remember their order and nature.

Correct answer: A. Age of alluvium

Bhangar is old alluvium and Khadar is new alluvium. Exam tip: remember old and new alluvium difference.

Correct answer: A. Khadar is new alluvium and Bhangar is old alluvium

Khadar is identified as new alluvium and Bhangar as old alluvium. Exam tip: do not swap the two names.

Correct answer: A. Because they are extensive plains formed by Indus, Ganga and Brahmaputra systems

Northern Plains are linked with deposits of three major river systems. Exam tip: do not limit them to one river.

Correct answer: A. Northern Plains

All three are regional subdivisions of the Northern Plains. Exam tip: connect river-based subdivisions with Northern Plains.

Correct answer: A. It is an old and stable block of India

The Peninsular Plateau is made of an old rocky base. Exam tip: connect hard rock clue with plateau.

Correct answer: A. It gives a separating clue for Central Highlands and Deccan Plateau

The Narmada valley helps explain major plateau subdivisions. Exam tip: study Narmada in plateau context.

Correct answer: A. Its general slope is west to east so many rivers flow toward Bay of Bengal

The Deccan Plateau generally slopes from west toward east. This overall gradient influences the direction of many major rivers of the Peninsular Plateau, including the Godavari, Krishna, and Kaveri, which flow eastward and ultimately reach the Bay of Bengal. Local relief can create exceptions or changes in individual river courses, but the broad relationship between the plateau’s slope and the drainage pattern remains clear.

Option A is correct because it connects the eastward slope with the eastward flow of many rivers. Option B is not a meaningful description of the plateau’s drainage, while options C and D are clearly false: the rivers do not all end in the Thar Desert or form coral in Lakshadweep. The question asks for the general pattern, not an absolute rule for every stream.

Correct answer: A. They flow westward into the Arabian Sea

Direct answer: A, they flow westward into the Arabian Sea. Most large Peninsular rivers, such as the Mahanadi, Godavari, Krishna and Kaveri, flow eastward and generally form deltas on the Bay of Bengal coast. Narmada and Tapi are important exceptions: they flow west through rift valleys and enter the Arabian Sea, usually forming estuaries rather than large eastern deltas. A is correct. B is wrong because they do not originate in the Himalayas; they rise in the Peninsular region. C is wrong because it describes the common east-flowing pattern, not these two rivers. D is wrong because they do not form coral in the Andaman Islands; coral is a marine biological formation. Memory cue: Narmada and Tapi break the usual rule—westward to the Arabian Sea.

Correct answer: A. Eastern Coastal Plains

These rivers form large deltas on the Eastern Coastal Plains. Exam tip: connect delta clue with east coast.

Correct answer: A. Large river deltas and wide plains occur on the eastern coast

The direct answer is A: large river deltas and wide plains occur on the eastern coast. The Eastern Coastal Plain lies between the Eastern Ghats and the Bay of Bengal. Large rivers such as the Mahanadi, Godavari, Krishna and Kaveri flow eastward and usually form broad deltas by depositing silt near their mouths. This makes the plain generally wider and more delta-rich than the Western Coastal Plain. Option A is correct because it gives the physical reason. Option B is wrong because Himadri is the highest Himalayan range, not a coastal plain. Option C is wrong because the Thar Desert is in north-western India and its dunes are not the Eastern Coastal Plain. Option D is wrong because Lakshadweep is an island group in the Arabian Sea, made mainly of coral, and is not the eastern mainland coast. Memory cue: east coast means big rivers, deltas and a broader plain; west coast means a narrower plain.

Correct answer: A. It is a limited strip between Western Ghats and Arabian Sea

Direct answer: A, it is a limited strip between the Western Ghats and the Arabian Sea. A coastal plain becomes narrow when a mountain range lies close to the coast. In western India, the Western Ghats run roughly parallel to the Arabian Sea, leaving only a small belt of low land between the mountains and the sea. A is correct. B is wrong because the Northern Plains lie south of the Himalayas and are not the Western Coastal Plain. C is wrong because the Brahmaputra delta belongs to the eastern region near the Bay of Bengal. D is wrong because the Andaman coral coast is an island feature, not the reason for the narrow mainland western coastal plain. Memory cue: Western Ghats close to the sea make the west coast narrow.

Correct answer: A. Western Ghats are more continuous while Eastern Ghats are more broken

Western Ghats are relatively continuous and Eastern Ghats are broken by rivers. Exam tip: remember structural difference of Ghats.

Correct answer: A. Indian Desert

The Indian Desert is linked with low rainfall west of the Aravalli. Exam tip: study Aravalli and Thar together.

Correct answer: A. It is the largest river of the Indian Desert, and water in its lower course is saline.

The Luni is regarded as the largest river of the Indian Desert. It rises in the Aravalli region, flows westwards, and its water becomes saline in the lower course before reaching the Rann of Kachchh. Therefore, it is neither a perennial Himalayan river nor a river of the Ganga Plain. Exam tip: associate the Luni with the Thar Desert and saline water.

Correct answer: A. Lakshadweep is in Arabian Sea and Andaman-Nicobar are in Bay of Bengal

Lakshadweep is linked with western sea region and Andaman-Nicobar with eastern sea region. Exam tip: remember island groups with water bodies.

Correct answer: A. Its formation is linked with marine coral structures

Lakshadweep is linked with coral-nature islands. Exam tip: connect Lakshadweep with Arabian Sea and coral.

Correct answer: A. The water bodies of both island groups have been reversed

Andaman-Nicobar are in Bay of Bengal and Lakshadweep is in Arabian Sea. Exam tip: do not reverse water-body clues.