How do Fundamental Rights transform the relation between citizen and state?

They make citizens rights-holders with valid claims

Answer: B. Fundamental Rights change citizens from passive subjects into rights-holders. A rights-holder can make a valid constitutional claim when the state violates equality, liberty, dignity, or another protected freedom. This means that government power is not unlimited: the Constitution sets standards that public authorities must respect. Option B is correct because it describes citizens as people who possess enforceable protections, not as people who merely receive favours from rulers. A is wrong because rights give citizens a voice and legal protection, rather than making them silent subjects. C is wrong because the state must act within constitutional limits and cannot become an absolute owner of citizens' lives or freedoms. D is wrong because Fundamental Rights come from the Constitution and connect citizens more closely to constitutional protection. Memory cue: a right is a claim that can be defended, not a gift that can be withdrawn at will.

This is a Class 9 Civics question. Chapter: Democratic Rights. Topic: Fundamental Rights in the Indian Constitution.