Which is the best way to prevent arbitrariness in policy-making?

Correct answer: Rules, records, discussion, and institutional oversight

Correct answer: A — rules, records, discussion, and institutional oversight reduce arbitrary decision-making. Arbitrariness means taking a decision according to personal choice without clear reasons, consistent rules, or accountability. Written rules tell decision-makers what standards to follow. Records show how and why a decision was reached. Discussion allows different views and possible effects to be considered. Oversight by responsible institutions checks misuse of power and provides a way to question mistakes. Option A is correct because it creates a transparent and accountable process. B is wrong because a private order can hide personal preference and cannot by itself ensure fairness. C is wrong because removing records and accountability makes review impossible. D is wrong because complete secrecy prevents public scrutiny. Memory cue: clear rules plus a recorded, reviewable process is the opposite of arbitrary power.