Why do we need a Constitution

Correct answer: A. So that it can give fair decisions on rights violations

Explanation: Direct answer: A, so that the judiciary can decide rights violations fairly. Separation from direct state control is important because the government may itself be accused of violating a law or a constitutional right. If the same authority that is accused also controls the judge, citizens cannot expect an impartial remedy. An independent judiciary interprets the constitution and laws, hears complaints, reviews governmental action, and can protect people when public power exceeds legal limits. Independence does not mean judges may ignore the constitution or act without accountability; it means decisions should be based on law and evidence rather than political instructions. Option B is the opposite of independence and is therefore wrong. Option C is wrong because access to justice and hearing grievances are essential functions of courts. Option D is wrong because judicial examination of laws helps ensure that public action follows constitutional limits. Memory cue: an umpire cannot fairly judge a match while taking orders from one team.

Correct answer: A. Because institutional arrangements were needed to protect rights.

Explanation: Correct answer: A. Rights have practical value only when institutions and procedures can protect them. The Constituent Assembly therefore had to consider both what citizens should be entitled to and which constitutional bodies would make those entitlements effective. A is correct because legislatures, executives, courts and other arrangements operate within rules that can protect rights and limit misuse of power. B is wrong because rights were intended to be real constitutional protections, not empty slogans. C is wrong because democratic institutions are meant to remain accountable to citizens. D is wrong because governance is necessary for implementing laws and rights. Memory cue: rights state the guarantee; institutions provide the means to enforce it.