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A chart uses an upward arrow to show growth even though the data is actually decreasing. What type of error is this?

Answer and explanation

Correct answer: A conflict between the visual cue and the data

The governing concept is consistency between a chart’s visual encoding and its underlying data. An upward arrow conventionally communicates increase or growth, whereas decreasing values should be shown with a downward trend or another accurate cue. When the arrow points up despite a decline, viewers may draw the opposite conclusion from the actual numbers. Therefore option A is correct. Font choice, white space and image proportions do not describe this contradiction.

Related tags

Chart InterpretationData ConflictMisleading VisualVisual EncodingData Interpretation And Basic VisualizationData LiteracyArtificial IntelligenceClass 9 Mcq

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