Message presentation

The governing concept is visual communication and readability. Posters are often viewed from some distance, so large, well-spaced letters attract attention and allow the main message to be read quickly. Their size supports communication rather than merely decoration. Option A is correct. Large lettering does not hide the paper, reduce the amount of colour or erase an illustration; those choices do not express the communicative purpose of poster typography.

Visual hierarchy is the arrangement of elements so that viewers notice and read the most important information first. A large, clear title attracts initial attention, while smaller supporting text provides details afterward. Making every letter the same size removes priority, and making the main message smallest reverses the intended order. Randomly overlapping images and words harms readability. Thus, the larger title and smaller supporting text in option B create the clearest hierarchy.

The governing design concept is figure-ground contrast. On a light background, dark and sufficiently saturated lettering creates a strong value difference, so the eye separates the message from its surroundings quickly. Option A is correct and supports both emphasis and readability. Pale, transparent, or background-coloured letters have weak contrast and can disappear, even if their shapes are well drawn. The letters should still remain clear rather than excessively decorative.

The governing concept is visual weight in lettering. A very thick stroke or an excessively dark value occupies too much visual attention and can make the message feel dense, even when it remains readable. Option B is correct: reduce the stroke thickness, select a slightly lighter value, or balance both while preserving contrast. Adding black increases heaviness, a black background may reduce separation, and erasing all lettering removes the communication rather than correcting it.

The governing design concept is emphasis through contrast and negative space. Increasing the difference between the message and its background makes the lettering easier to notice, while surrounding it with breathing room prevents competing details from weakening attention. Therefore, option A is correct. Adding details, reducing the message, or using the same value in the background would lower clarity and visual impact.

The governing design concept is visual hierarchy. When several surrounding areas have the same strong intensity, each competes for the viewer’s attention, so no single area is clearly dominant. The main message may then lose emphasis and become harder to read quickly. Therefore, divided visual attention is correct. Colour intensity does not reduce paper thickness, create transparency by itself, or automatically change letter size.

The governing concept is subtractive pigment mixing and colour bias. To mix a bright green, choose a blue that leans toward green and a yellow that leans toward green; these pigments share the desired direction and introduce less unwanted red or orange influence. Therefore, option A is correct. Red-biased blue and orange-biased yellow tend to neutralise the mixture, while blue-red and yellow-violet pairs produce different or duller results.

The main purpose of a poster is to convey an idea, information, or appeal quickly and clearly to the viewer. Therefore, clear and effective communication is its most important quality. Excessive decoration or a complex message may look attractive, but can make the message harder to understand. Exam tip: Use few words, a clear heading, and easily readable lettering in a poster.