Border design

The governing concept is boundary line: a line marks where one area ends and another area begins. A border drawn around a notebook page encloses the writing space, separates the margin from the main work, and gives the page a clear visual limit. Therefore, option A is the correct everyday example. The sound of water is heard rather than drawn, the fragrance of a flower is sensed through smell, and the price of a pencil is numerical information; none of these is a visible line that encloses or separates an area. The example shows the practical use of line in daily design.

The governing concept is rhythm in design: repeated visual units create a pattern that guides the eye. Here, a leaf is followed by a flower, then the same two-unit sequence is repeated. Because two different elements alternate in a fixed order, the result is alternating rhythm, so option B is correct. Flowing rhythm depends on smooth movement, progressive rhythm changes gradually, and random rhythm lacks a predictable order.

In a border design, balanced and orderly repetition of shapes, lines, or motifs creates rhythm, unity, and visual appeal. Therefore, balance and repetition are most important. Using many colours alone does not make a design effective; colour harmony is also needed. Exam tip: Look for repeated motifs placed at regular intervals in a border.