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On A = {1, 2, 3}, R = {(1,2), (2,3)}. Why is R not transitive?

Answer and explanation

Correct answer: Because (1,3) is absent

The governing rule for transitivity is: if (a,b) ∈ R and (b,c) ∈ R, then (a,c) must be in R. Here, (1,2) and (2,3) are both present, so transitivity requires (1,3). However, (1,3) is not listed in R. This single missing consequence is enough to disprove transitivity. The absence of (1,1), (3,2), or (2,1) is irrelevant because those pairs are not required by the displayed linked chain. Therefore option A correctly identifies the failure.

Related tags

Transitive RelationOrdered PairsTransitivity Test

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