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On A={1,2,3}, what is the smallest addition to R={(1,2),(2,3)} that makes R transitive?

Answer and explanation

Correct answer: (1,3)

The correct answer is C, (1,3). Transitivity says that if (a,b) and (b,c) are in R, then (a,c) must also be in R. Here the first pair is (1,2) and the second is (2,3). Their middle entries match, so the required consequence is (1,3). Adding this one pair makes the relation transitive: the new pair does not create a further missing chain, because there is no pair beginning with 3 and no pair ending in 1 that would force another result. Option A, (2,1), does not supply the consequence of the existing chain. Option B, (3,1), and option D, (3,2), likewise do not address the required pair. Do not reverse the chain; follow it from 1 to 2 to 3, then join the first and last elements.

Related tags

Transitive RelationOrdered PairsTransitive ClosureRelationsRelations And FunctionsMathematicsClass 12 Mcq

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