Class 12 History - Bricks, Beads and Bones - settlement patterns Medium Quiz

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हड़प्पा सभ्यता के अध्ययन में पुरातत्वविद मुख्य रूप से किस प्रकार के साक्ष्यों का उपयोग करते हैं?

Which type of evidence do archaeologists mainly use to study the Harappan Civilisation?

Explanation opens after your attempt
Correct Answer

A. भौतिक अवशेषMaterial remains

Step 1

Concept

Archaeologists study material remains such as buildings, tools and seals. Remember the meaning of archaeological evidence for exams.

Step 2

Why this answer is correct

The correct answer is A. भौतिक अवशेष / Material remains. Archaeologists study material remains such as buildings, tools and seals. Remember the meaning of archaeological evidence for exams.

Step 3

Exam Tip

पुरातत्वविद भवनों, औजारों और मुहरों जैसे भौतिक अवशेषों का अध्ययन करते हैं। परीक्षा में पुरातात्विक साक्ष्य का अर्थ याद रखें।

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हड़प्पा सभ्यता का परिपक्व चरण सामान्यतः किस काल के बीच माना जाता है?

The Mature Harappan phase is generally dated between which period?

Explanation opens after your attempt
Correct Answer

B. ईसा पूर्व 2600 से 19002600 to 1900 BCE

Step 1

Concept

The Mature Harappan Civilisation flourished roughly between 2600 and 1900 BCE. Remember this chronology carefully for exams.

Step 2

Why this answer is correct

The correct answer is B. ईसा पूर्व 2600 से 1900 / 2600 to 1900 BCE. The Mature Harappan Civilisation flourished roughly between 2600 and 1900 BCE. Remember this chronology carefully for exams.

Step 3

Exam Tip

परिपक्व हड़प्पा सभ्यता लगभग ईसा पूर्व 2600 से 1900 के बीच विकसित हुई। परीक्षा में इस कालक्रम को विशेष रूप से याद रखें।

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हड़प्पा स्थल की खोज सबसे पहले किस पुरातत्वविद ने की थी?

Which archaeologist first discovered the Harappa site?

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Correct Answer

A. दयाराम साहनीDaya Ram Sahni

Step 1

Concept

Daya Ram Sahni began excavations at Harappa in 1921. Distinguish the discoverers of Harappa and Mohenjodaro in exams.

Step 2

Why this answer is correct

The correct answer is A. दयाराम साहनी / Daya Ram Sahni. Daya Ram Sahni began excavations at Harappa in 1921. Distinguish the discoverers of Harappa and Mohenjodaro in exams.

Step 3

Exam Tip

दयाराम साहनी ने 1921 में हड़प्पा स्थल पर उत्खनन आरंभ किया। परीक्षा में हड़प्पा और मोहनजोदड़ो के खोजकर्ताओं में अंतर रखें।

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मोहनजोदड़ो की खोज से किस पुरातत्वविद का नाम जुड़ा है?

Which archaeologist is associated with the discovery of Mohenjodaro?

Explanation opens after your attempt
Correct Answer

B. आर डी बनर्जीR D Banerji

Step 1

Concept

R D Banerji discovered Mohenjodaro in 1922. Remember both the year and the archaeologist for exams.

Step 2

Why this answer is correct

The correct answer is B. आर डी बनर्जी / R D Banerji. R D Banerji discovered Mohenjodaro in 1922. Remember both the year and the archaeologist for exams.

Step 3

Exam Tip

आर डी बनर्जी ने 1922 में मोहनजोदड़ो की खोज की। परीक्षा में वर्ष और पुरातत्वविद दोनों याद रखें।

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भारतीय पुरातत्व सर्वेक्षण के किस महानिदेशक ने हड़प्पा सभ्यता की खोज की घोषणा की थी?

Which Director-General of the Archaeological Survey of India announced the discovery of the Harappan Civilisation?

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Correct Answer

A. जॉन मार्शलJohn Marshall

Step 1

Concept

John Marshall announced the discovery of the Harappan Civilisation in 1924. Distinguish the announcer from the excavators in exams.

Step 2

Why this answer is correct

The correct answer is A. जॉन मार्शल / John Marshall. John Marshall announced the discovery of the Harappan Civilisation in 1924. Distinguish the announcer from the excavators in exams.

Step 3

Exam Tip

जॉन मार्शल ने 1924 में हड़प्पा सभ्यता की खोज की घोषणा की। परीक्षा में घोषणा और उत्खनन करने वालों को अलग-अलग पहचानें।

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हड़प्पा नगरों में ऊँचे भाग को सामान्यतः क्या कहा जाता है?

What is the elevated part of a Harappan city generally called?

Explanation opens after your attempt
Correct Answer

B. दुर्ग क्षेत्रCitadel

Step 1

Concept

The elevated and often fortified section is called the citadel. Compare the citadel and lower town for exams.

Step 2

Why this answer is correct

The correct answer is B. दुर्ग क्षेत्र / Citadel. The elevated and often fortified section is called the citadel. Compare the citadel and lower town for exams.

Step 3

Exam Tip

ऊँचे और प्रायः किलेबंद भाग को दुर्ग क्षेत्र कहा जाता है। परीक्षा में दुर्ग और निचले नगर की विशेषताएँ तुलना करके पढ़ें।

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हड़प्पा नगरों का अपेक्षाकृत बड़ा आवासीय भाग क्या कहलाता था?

What was the relatively larger residential section of Harappan cities called?

Explanation opens after your attempt
Correct Answer

B. निचला नगरLower town

Step 1

Concept

The lower town was generally larger and contained most residential buildings. Understand the city division through maps for exams.

Step 2

Why this answer is correct

The correct answer is B. निचला नगर / Lower town. The lower town was generally larger and contained most residential buildings. Understand the city division through maps for exams.

Step 3

Exam Tip

निचला नगर सामान्यतः बड़ा था और वहाँ अधिकतर आवासीय भवन स्थित थे। परीक्षा में नगर विभाजन का मानचित्र समझें।

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मोहनजोदड़ो का विशाल स्नानागार किस भाग में स्थित था?

In which part of Mohenjodaro was the Great Bath located?

Explanation opens after your attempt
Correct Answer

B. दुर्ग क्षेत्र मेंIn the citadel

Step 1

Concept

The Great Bath was located in the citadel area of Mohenjodaro. Remember its waterproof construction and possible ritual use.

Step 2

Why this answer is correct

The correct answer is B. दुर्ग क्षेत्र में / In the citadel. The Great Bath was located in the citadel area of Mohenjodaro. Remember its waterproof construction and possible ritual use.

Step 3

Exam Tip

विशाल स्नानागार मोहनजोदड़ो के दुर्ग क्षेत्र में स्थित था। परीक्षा में इसके जलरोधी निर्माण और संभावित अनुष्ठानिक उपयोग को याद रखें।

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विशाल स्नानागार को जलरोधी बनाने के लिए किस पदार्थ का उपयोग किया गया था?

Which material was used to make the Great Bath watertight?

Explanation opens after your attempt
Correct Answer

B. बिटुमेनBitumen

Step 1

Concept

Bitumen was used between bricks as a waterproofing material in the Great Bath. Focus on construction techniques for exams.

Step 2

Why this answer is correct

The correct answer is B. बिटुमेन / Bitumen. Bitumen was used between bricks as a waterproofing material in the Great Bath. Focus on construction techniques for exams.

Step 3

Exam Tip

विशाल स्नानागार में ईंटों के बीच बिटुमेन का उपयोग जलरोधी परत के रूप में किया गया था। परीक्षा में निर्माण तकनीक पर ध्यान दें।

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हड़प्पा नगरों की सड़कों की प्रमुख विशेषता क्या थी?

What was a major feature of streets in Harappan cities?

Explanation opens after your attempt
Correct Answer

B. वे प्रायः समकोण पर एक-दूसरे को काटती थींThey often intersected at right angles

Step 1

Concept

Harappan streets were planned and often crossed at right angles. Link this feature with the grid pattern in exams.

Step 2

Why this answer is correct

The correct answer is B. वे प्रायः समकोण पर एक-दूसरे को काटती थीं / They often intersected at right angles. Harappan streets were planned and often crossed at right angles. Link this feature with the grid pattern in exams.

Step 3

Exam Tip

हड़प्पा नगरों की सड़कें योजनाबद्ध थीं और प्रायः समकोण पर मिलती थीं। परीक्षा में इसे ग्रिड पद्धति से जोड़ें।

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हड़प्पा सभ्यता की जल निकासी व्यवस्था की सबसे महत्वपूर्ण विशेषता क्या थी?

What was the most important feature of the Harappan drainage system?

Explanation opens after your attempt
Correct Answer

B. नालियाँ ढकी हुई और आपस में जुड़ी थींDrains were covered and interconnected

Step 1

Concept

Covered drains connected houses to main drains in Harappan cities. Treat this as evidence of advanced urban planning in exams.

Step 2

Why this answer is correct

The correct answer is B. नालियाँ ढकी हुई और आपस में जुड़ी थीं / Drains were covered and interconnected. Covered drains connected houses to main drains in Harappan cities. Treat this as evidence of advanced urban planning in exams.

Step 3

Exam Tip

हड़प्पा नगरों में ढकी हुई नालियाँ घरों से मुख्य नालियों तक जुड़ी थीं। परीक्षा में इसे उन्नत नगर नियोजन का प्रमाण मानें।

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हड़प्पा सभ्यता में प्रयुक्त पकी ईंटों का सामान्य अनुपात क्या था?

What was the common proportion of baked bricks used in the Harappan Civilisation?

Explanation opens after your attempt
Correct Answer

B. एक अनुपात दो अनुपात चार1:2:4

Step 1

Concept

The common ratio of thickness, width and length of Harappan bricks was 1:2:4. Remember it as an example of standardisation.

Step 2

Why this answer is correct

The correct answer is B. एक अनुपात दो अनुपात चार / 1:2:4. The common ratio of thickness, width and length of Harappan bricks was 1:2:4. Remember it as an example of standardisation.

Step 3

Exam Tip

हड़प्पा ईंटों की मोटाई, चौड़ाई और लंबाई का सामान्य अनुपात एक अनुपात दो अनुपात चार था। परीक्षा में मानकीकरण का उदाहरण याद रखें।

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हड़प्पा सभ्यता में मानकीकृत बाटों का मुख्य उपयोग किस लिए होता था?

What was the main use of standardised weights in the Harappan Civilisation?

Explanation opens after your attempt
Correct Answer

B. व्यापार और मापTrade and measurement

Step 1

Concept

Standardised weights were used in trade transactions and measurement of goods. View them as evidence of economic organisation.

Step 2

Why this answer is correct

The correct answer is B. व्यापार और माप / Trade and measurement. Standardised weights were used in trade transactions and measurement of goods. View them as evidence of economic organisation.

Step 3

Exam Tip

मानकीकृत बाट व्यापारिक लेन-देन और वस्तुओं के मापन में उपयोग किए जाते थे। परीक्षा में इन्हें आर्थिक संगठन का प्रमाण समझें।

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हड़प्पाई बाट सामान्यतः किस पत्थर से बनाए जाते थे?

Harappan weights were generally made of which stone?

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Correct Answer

A. चर्टChert

Step 1

Concept

Harappan cubical weights were generally made of chert. Remember both their material and shape for exams.

Step 2

Why this answer is correct

The correct answer is A. चर्ट / Chert. Harappan cubical weights were generally made of chert. Remember both their material and shape for exams.

Step 3

Exam Tip

हड़प्पाई घनाकार बाट प्रायः चर्ट पत्थर से बने होते थे। परीक्षा में बाटों की सामग्री और आकार दोनों याद रखें।

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हड़प्पा मुहरों पर सबसे अधिक किस पशु का चित्र मिलता है?

Which animal appears most frequently on Harappan seals?

Explanation opens after your attempt
Correct Answer

B. एक सींग वाला पशुUnicorn

Step 1

Concept

The mythical unicorn appears most frequently on Harappan seals. Do not confuse it with a real rhinoceros in exams.

Step 2

Why this answer is correct

The correct answer is B. एक सींग वाला पशु / Unicorn. The mythical unicorn appears most frequently on Harappan seals. Do not confuse it with a real rhinoceros in exams.

Step 3

Exam Tip

हड़प्पा मुहरों पर काल्पनिक एक सींग वाला पशु सबसे अधिक दिखाई देता है। परीक्षा में इसे वास्तविक गैंडे से न मिलाएँ।

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कार्नेलियन मनकों का लाल रंग प्राप्त करने के लिए किस प्रक्रिया का उपयोग किया जाता था?

Which process was used to obtain the red colour of carnelian beads?

Explanation opens after your attempt
Correct Answer

B. पत्थर को गर्म करनाHeating the stone

Step 1

Concept

Heating carnelian enhanced its bright red colour. Connect craft techniques with raw materials in exams.

Step 2

Why this answer is correct

The correct answer is B. पत्थर को गर्म करना / Heating the stone. Heating carnelian enhanced its bright red colour. Connect craft techniques with raw materials in exams.

Step 3

Exam Tip

कार्नेलियन को गर्म करने पर उसका लाल रंग अधिक चमकीला हो जाता था। परीक्षा में शिल्प तकनीक को कच्चे माल से जोड़ें।

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हड़प्पाई शिल्पकार शंख मुख्यतः किन क्षेत्रों से प्राप्त करते थे?

From which regions did Harappan craftspersons mainly obtain shell?

Explanation opens after your attempt
Correct Answer

B. नागेश्वर और बालाकोट जैसे तटीय क्षेत्रCoastal regions such as Nageshwar and Balakot

Step 1

Concept

Shell was obtained from coastal regions including Nageshwar and Balakot. Locate major source areas on maps for exams.

Step 2

Why this answer is correct

The correct answer is B. नागेश्वर और बालाकोट जैसे तटीय क्षेत्र / Coastal regions such as Nageshwar and Balakot. Shell was obtained from coastal regions including Nageshwar and Balakot. Locate major source areas on maps for exams.

Step 3

Exam Tip

शंख समुद्री तटीय क्षेत्रों से प्राप्त किए जाते थे जिनमें नागेश्वर और बालाकोट प्रमुख थे। परीक्षा में स्रोत क्षेत्रों को मानचित्र पर पहचानें।

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लैपिस लाजुली का प्रमुख स्रोत किस क्षेत्र को माना जाता है?

Which region is considered a major source of lapis lazuli?

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Correct Answer

A. बदख्शांBadakhshan

Step 1

Concept

Lapis lazuli was mainly obtained from the Badakhshan region of Afghanistan. Remember it as evidence of long-distance trade.

Step 2

Why this answer is correct

The correct answer is A. बदख्शां / Badakhshan. Lapis lazuli was mainly obtained from the Badakhshan region of Afghanistan. Remember it as evidence of long-distance trade.

Step 3

Exam Tip

लैपिस लाजुली मुख्यतः अफगानिस्तान के बदख्शां क्षेत्र से प्राप्त होता था। परीक्षा में दूरस्थ व्यापार नेटवर्क का उदाहरण याद रखें।

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हड़प्पाई लोगों को ताँबा मुख्यतः कहाँ से प्राप्त होता था?

From where did the Harappans mainly obtain copper?

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Correct Answer

A. राजस्थान के खेतड़ी क्षेत्र सेFrom the Khetri region of Rajasthan

Step 1

Concept

The Khetri region of Rajasthan was an important source of copper. Match metals with their source regions for exams.

Step 2

Why this answer is correct

The correct answer is A. राजस्थान के खेतड़ी क्षेत्र से / From the Khetri region of Rajasthan. The Khetri region of Rajasthan was an important source of copper. Match metals with their source regions for exams.

Step 3

Exam Tip

राजस्थान का खेतड़ी क्षेत्र ताँबे का महत्वपूर्ण स्रोत था। परीक्षा में धातु और उसके स्रोत का मिलान करें।

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मेसोपोटामिया के अभिलेखों में हड़प्पा क्षेत्र को किस नाम से जाना गया है?

By what name was the Harappan region known in Mesopotamian records?

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Correct Answer

A. मेलुहाMeluhha

Step 1

Concept

Mesopotamian records associate Meluhha with the Harappan region. Distinguish Meluhha, Dilmun and Magan in exams.

Step 2

Why this answer is correct

The correct answer is A. मेलुहा / Meluhha. Mesopotamian records associate Meluhha with the Harappan region. Distinguish Meluhha, Dilmun and Magan in exams.

Step 3

Exam Tip

मेसोपोटामियाई अभिलेखों में मेलुहा को हड़प्पा क्षेत्र से जोड़ा जाता है। परीक्षा में मेलुहा, दिलमुन और मगन के नाम अलग रखें।

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लोथल की सबसे प्रसिद्ध पुरातात्विक संरचना कौन सी है?

Which is the most famous archaeological structure at Lothal?

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Correct Answer

B. गोदी या बंदरगाह संरचनाDockyard structure

Step 1

Concept

A large brick structure at Lothal is generally identified as a dockyard. Link it with maritime trade in exams.

Step 2

Why this answer is correct

The correct answer is B. गोदी या बंदरगाह संरचना / Dockyard structure. A large brick structure at Lothal is generally identified as a dockyard. Link it with maritime trade in exams.

Step 3

Exam Tip

लोथल में ईंटों से बनी एक बड़ी संरचना को प्रायः गोदी माना जाता है। परीक्षा में इसे समुद्री व्यापार से जोड़ें।

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कालीबंगन से किस कृषि गतिविधि का महत्वपूर्ण प्रमाण मिला है?

Evidence of which agricultural activity has been found at Kalibangan?

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Correct Answer

B. जुते हुए खेतPloughed field

Step 1

Concept

Traces of a ploughed field were found at Kalibangan. Treat it as direct archaeological evidence of farming techniques.

Step 2

Why this answer is correct

The correct answer is B. जुते हुए खेत / Ploughed field. Traces of a ploughed field were found at Kalibangan. Treat it as direct archaeological evidence of farming techniques.

Step 3

Exam Tip

कालीबंगन से जुते हुए खेत के निशान मिले हैं। परीक्षा में इसे कृषि तकनीक का प्रत्यक्ष पुरातात्विक प्रमाण मानें।

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धौलावीरा की नगर योजना की विशेषता क्या थी?

What was a distinctive feature of Dholavira's town planning?

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Correct Answer

B. नगर कई किलेबंद भागों में विभाजित थाThe city was divided into several fortified sections

Step 1

Concept

Dholavira was divided into several fortified sections and had a distinctive layout. Remember its unique planning for exams.

Step 2

Why this answer is correct

The correct answer is B. नगर कई किलेबंद भागों में विभाजित था / The city was divided into several fortified sections. Dholavira was divided into several fortified sections and had a distinctive layout. Remember its unique planning for exams.

Step 3

Exam Tip

धौलावीरा कई किलेबंद भागों में विभाजित था और इसकी योजना अन्य नगरों से अलग थी। परीक्षा में धौलावीरा की विशिष्टता याद रखें।

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धौलावीरा में जल संरक्षण का प्रमुख साधन क्या था?

What was a major means of water conservation at Dholavira?

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Correct Answer

A. विशाल जलाशयLarge reservoirs

Step 1

Concept

Large reservoirs were built at Dholavira to store rainwater and river water. Use it as an example of water management in exams.

Step 2

Why this answer is correct

The correct answer is A. विशाल जलाशय / Large reservoirs. Large reservoirs were built at Dholavira to store rainwater and river water. Use it as an example of water management in exams.

Step 3

Exam Tip

धौलावीरा में वर्षा जल और नदी जल संग्रह के लिए बड़े जलाशय बनाए गए थे। परीक्षा में इसे जल प्रबंधन का उदाहरण मानें।

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हड़प्पा सभ्यता के किस स्थल से बड़े अक्षरों वाला संकेत पट्ट मिला है?

At which Harappan site was a large signboard with letters found?

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Correct Answer

A. धौलावीराDholavira

Step 1

Concept

A signboard with large Harappan signs was found at Dholavira. Link it with the public display of script in exams.

Step 2

Why this answer is correct

The correct answer is A. धौलावीरा / Dholavira. A signboard with large Harappan signs was found at Dholavira. Link it with the public display of script in exams.

Step 3

Exam Tip

धौलावीरा से बड़े आकार के हड़प्पाई चिह्नों वाला संकेत पट्ट मिला है। परीक्षा में इसे लिपि के सार्वजनिक प्रदर्शन से जोड़ें।

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हड़प्पा सभ्यता में मृतकों को सामान्यतः कैसे दफनाया जाता था?

How were the dead generally buried in the Harappan Civilisation?

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Correct Answer

B. शवों को कब्रों में रखा जाता थाBodies were placed in graves

Step 1

Concept

Harappan cemeteries provide evidence of bodies buried in pits. Relate grave goods to social differences cautiously in exams.

Step 2

Why this answer is correct

The correct answer is B. शवों को कब्रों में रखा जाता था / Bodies were placed in graves. Harappan cemeteries provide evidence of bodies buried in pits. Relate grave goods to social differences cautiously in exams.

Step 3

Exam Tip

हड़प्पाई कब्रिस्तानों में शवों को गड्ढों में दफनाने के प्रमाण मिले हैं। परीक्षा में कब्र सामग्री को सामाजिक भेद से सावधानीपूर्वक जोड़ें।

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हड़प्पाई कब्रों में रखी वस्तुएँ प्रायः क्या दर्शाती हैं?

What do objects placed in Harappan graves generally indicate?

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A. मृतक के साथ कुछ वस्तुएँ रखने की परंपराA custom of placing some goods with the dead

Step 1

Concept

Some graves contain pottery and ornaments indicating burial customs. Avoid drawing excessive conclusions in exams.

Step 2

Why this answer is correct

The correct answer is A. मृतक के साथ कुछ वस्तुएँ रखने की परंपरा / A custom of placing some goods with the dead. Some graves contain pottery and ornaments indicating burial customs. Avoid drawing excessive conclusions in exams.

Step 3

Exam Tip

कुछ कब्रों में मिट्टी के बर्तन और आभूषण मिले हैं जो दफन संस्कारों का संकेत देते हैं। परीक्षा में अत्यधिक निष्कर्ष न निकालें।

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हड़प्पा समाज में सामाजिक भिन्नताओं का अध्ययन करने के लिए पुरातत्वविद किस आधार का उपयोग करते हैं?

What basis do archaeologists use to study social differences in Harappan society?

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Correct Answer

A. मकानों के आकार और कब्र सामग्रीHouse sizes and grave goods

Step 1

Concept

Social differences are inferred from house size, construction and grave goods. Describe this as indirect evidence in exams.

Step 2

Why this answer is correct

The correct answer is A. मकानों के आकार और कब्र सामग्री / House sizes and grave goods. Social differences are inferred from house size, construction and grave goods. Describe this as indirect evidence in exams.

Step 3

Exam Tip

मकानों की बनावट, आकार और कब्रों में मिली वस्तुओं से सामाजिक भिन्नताओं का अनुमान लगाया जाता है। परीक्षा में इसे अप्रत्यक्ष साक्ष्य कहें।

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हड़प्पा नगरों में अधिकांश घरों का निर्माण किसके चारों ओर किया गया था?

Around what were most Harappan houses constructed?

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Correct Answer

A. खुले आँगन के चारों ओरAround an open courtyard

Step 1

Concept

Most Harappan houses had rooms arranged around a central courtyard. Remember this feature of domestic architecture.

Step 2

Why this answer is correct

The correct answer is A. खुले आँगन के चारों ओर / Around an open courtyard. Most Harappan houses had rooms arranged around a central courtyard. Remember this feature of domestic architecture.

Step 3

Exam Tip

अधिकांश हड़प्पाई घरों के कमरे एक केंद्रीय आँगन के चारों ओर बने थे। परीक्षा में घरेलू वास्तुकला की यह विशेषता याद रखें।

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हड़प्पाई घरों के प्रवेश द्वार प्रायः मुख्य सड़क की ओर क्यों नहीं खुलते थे?

Why did entrances of Harappan houses generally not open directly onto main streets?

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A. सुरक्षा और निजता बनाए रखने के लिएTo maintain security and privacy

Step 1

Concept

House entrances often opened onto side lanes which helped maintain privacy. Link this with planned residential design in exams.

Step 2

Why this answer is correct

The correct answer is A. सुरक्षा और निजता बनाए रखने के लिए / To maintain security and privacy. House entrances often opened onto side lanes which helped maintain privacy. Link this with planned residential design in exams.

Step 3

Exam Tip

घर के प्रवेश प्रायः गलियों की ओर खुलते थे जिससे निजता बनी रहती थी। परीक्षा में इसे योजनाबद्ध आवासीय व्यवस्था से जोड़ें।

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हड़प्पाई लोग निम्न में से किस फसल की खेती करते थे?

Which of the following crops was cultivated by the Harappans?

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Correct Answer

A. गेहूँ और जौWheat and barley

Step 1

Concept

Evidence of wheat and barley is widely found at Harappan sites. Remember major crops and regional variations for exams.

Step 2

Why this answer is correct

The correct answer is A. गेहूँ और जौ / Wheat and barley. Evidence of wheat and barley is widely found at Harappan sites. Remember major crops and regional variations for exams.

Step 3

Exam Tip

हड़प्पाई स्थलों से गेहूँ और जौ के प्रमाण व्यापक रूप से मिले हैं। परीक्षा में प्रमुख फसलों और क्षेत्रीय विविधता को याद रखें।

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हड़प्पा सभ्यता में कपास के उपयोग का क्या महत्व है?

What is the significance of cotton use in the Harappan Civilisation?

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Correct Answer

A. यह कपास के प्रारंभिक उपयोग के प्रमाणों में से एक हैIt is among the earliest evidence of cotton use

Step 1

Concept

Harappan sites provide some of the earliest evidence of cotton use. Remember it in the context of textile production.

Step 2

Why this answer is correct

The correct answer is A. यह कपास के प्रारंभिक उपयोग के प्रमाणों में से एक है / It is among the earliest evidence of cotton use. Harappan sites provide some of the earliest evidence of cotton use. Remember it in the context of textile production.

Step 3

Exam Tip

हड़प्पाई स्थलों से कपास के प्रारंभिक उपयोग के प्रमाण मिले हैं। परीक्षा में वस्त्र उत्पादन के संदर्भ में इसे याद रखें।

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हड़प्पा स्थलों से मिली पशु अस्थियों का अध्ययन किससे संबंधित जानकारी देता है?

What information is obtained by studying animal bones from Harappan sites?

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Correct Answer

A. भोजन और पशुपालनDiet and animal husbandry

Step 1

Concept

Animal bones provide information about diet and domesticated animals. Understand the value of bioarchaeological evidence for exams.

Step 2

Why this answer is correct

The correct answer is A. भोजन और पशुपालन / Diet and animal husbandry. Animal bones provide information about diet and domesticated animals. Understand the value of bioarchaeological evidence for exams.

Step 3

Exam Tip

पशु अस्थियाँ लोगों के भोजन और पालतू पशुओं के बारे में जानकारी देती हैं। परीक्षा में जैव पुरातात्विक साक्ष्य का महत्व समझें।

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हड़प्पाई स्थलों पर अनाज के अवशेषों की पहचान कौन करते हैं?

Who identifies remains of grains at Harappan sites?

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Correct Answer

A. पुरावनस्पतिशास्त्रीArchaeo-botanists

Step 1

Concept

Archaeo-botanists study ancient seeds and plant remains. Match specialists with their work for exams.

Step 2

Why this answer is correct

The correct answer is A. पुरावनस्पतिशास्त्री / Archaeo-botanists. Archaeo-botanists study ancient seeds and plant remains. Match specialists with their work for exams.

Step 3

Exam Tip

पुरावनस्पतिशास्त्री प्राचीन बीजों और पौधों के अवशेषों का अध्ययन करते हैं। परीक्षा में विशेषज्ञ और उनके कार्य का मिलान करें।

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हड़प्पाई स्थलों से मिली पशु अस्थियों का विश्लेषण करने वाले विशेषज्ञ को क्या कहा जाता है?

What is a specialist who analyses animal bones from Harappan sites called?

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Correct Answer

A. पुरापशुविज्ञानीArchaeo-zoologist

Step 1

Concept

Archaeo-zoologists study animal bones to understand diet and animal husbandry. Remember the meaning of the term clearly.

Step 2

Why this answer is correct

The correct answer is A. पुरापशुविज्ञानी / Archaeo-zoologist. Archaeo-zoologists study animal bones to understand diet and animal husbandry. Remember the meaning of the term clearly.

Step 3

Exam Tip

पुरापशुविज्ञानी पशु अस्थियों का अध्ययन कर भोजन और पशुपालन की जानकारी देते हैं। परीक्षा में शब्द का अर्थ स्पष्ट रखें।

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पुरातत्वविद किसी वस्तु की तिथि निर्धारित करने के लिए उसकी प्राप्ति की परत का अध्ययन क्यों करते हैं?

Why do archaeologists study the layer in which an object is found to determine its date?

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Correct Answer

A. नीचे की परतें सामान्यतः पुरानी होती हैंLower layers are generally older

Step 1

Concept

According to stratigraphy, lower layers are generally earlier and upper layers later. Refer to this method as stratigraphy in exams.

Step 2

Why this answer is correct

The correct answer is A. नीचे की परतें सामान्यतः पुरानी होती हैं / Lower layers are generally older. According to stratigraphy, lower layers are generally earlier and upper layers later. Refer to this method as stratigraphy in exams.

Step 3

Exam Tip

स्तरक्रम के अनुसार नीचे की परतें सामान्यतः पहले की और ऊपर की परतें बाद की होती हैं। परीक्षा में इसे स्तरीकरण कहें।

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कार्बन चौदह तिथि निर्धारण का उपयोग किस प्रकार की वस्तुओं पर किया जाता है?

Carbon-14 dating is used on which type of materials?

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Correct Answer

A. जैविक अवशेषों परOn organic remains

Step 1

Concept

Carbon-14 dating helps determine the age of organic materials such as wood, seeds and bones. Remember its scope for exams.

Step 2

Why this answer is correct

The correct answer is A. जैविक अवशेषों पर / On organic remains. Carbon-14 dating helps determine the age of organic materials such as wood, seeds and bones. Remember its scope for exams.

Step 3

Exam Tip

कार्बन चौदह विधि लकड़ी, बीज और हड्डी जैसे जैविक पदार्थों की आयु जानने में सहायक है। परीक्षा में इसकी सीमा भी याद रखें।

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हड़प्पा सभ्यता में शिल्प उत्पादन के विशेष केंद्रों की पहचान कैसे की जाती है?

How are specialised craft production centres identified in the Harappan Civilisation?

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Correct Answer

A. कच्चे माल, औजार और अधूरी वस्तुओं सेFrom raw materials, tools and unfinished objects

Step 1

Concept

Raw materials, waste, tools and unfinished objects indicate craft centres. Remember the importance of production waste for exams.

Step 2

Why this answer is correct

The correct answer is A. कच्चे माल, औजार और अधूरी वस्तुओं से / From raw materials, tools and unfinished objects. Raw materials, waste, tools and unfinished objects indicate craft centres. Remember the importance of production waste for exams.

Step 3

Exam Tip

कच्चा माल, उत्पादन अपशिष्ट, औजार और अधूरी वस्तुएँ शिल्प केंद्रों का संकेत देती हैं। परीक्षा में उत्पादन अपशिष्ट का महत्व याद रखें।

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फैयेंस किस प्रकार की सामग्री थी?

What kind of material was faience?

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A. चमकीली कृत्रिम सामग्रीA glazed artificial material

Step 1

Concept

Faience was a glazed artificial material made from sand or powdered quartz. Do not mistake it for a natural stone in exams.

Step 2

Why this answer is correct

The correct answer is A. चमकीली कृत्रिम सामग्री / A glazed artificial material. Faience was a glazed artificial material made from sand or powdered quartz. Do not mistake it for a natural stone in exams.

Step 3

Exam Tip

फैयेंस रेत या चूर्णित क्वार्ट्ज से बनी चमकीली कृत्रिम सामग्री थी। परीक्षा में इसे प्राकृतिक पत्थर न समझें।

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हड़प्पाई समाज में किसी विशाल राजमहल का स्पष्ट प्रमाण न मिलना क्या दर्शाता है?

What does the absence of clear evidence for a massive royal palace in Harappan society suggest?

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A. राजनीतिक व्यवस्था की प्रकृति निश्चित रूप से ज्ञात नहीं हैThe nature of political authority is not known with certainty

Step 1

Concept

The absence of clear palaces or royal tombs limits conclusions about political authority. Avoid definite claims in exams.

Step 2

Why this answer is correct

The correct answer is A. राजनीतिक व्यवस्था की प्रकृति निश्चित रूप से ज्ञात नहीं है / The nature of political authority is not known with certainty. The absence of clear palaces or royal tombs limits conclusions about political authority. Avoid definite claims in exams.

Step 3

Exam Tip

विशाल राजमहल या निश्चित शासक समाधि न मिलने से राजनीतिक व्यवस्था पर निष्कर्ष सीमित रहते हैं। परीक्षा में निश्चित दावे से बचें।

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हड़प्पा सभ्यता के पतन के बारे में इतिहासकारों का वर्तमान दृष्टिकोण क्या है?

What is the current historical view regarding the decline of the Harappan Civilisation?

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Correct Answer

A. इसके कई संभावित कारण थेIt may have had multiple causes

Step 1

Concept

Several causes such as climate change, river shifts and economic disruption have been proposed. Use a multi-causal approach in exams.

Step 2

Why this answer is correct

The correct answer is A. इसके कई संभावित कारण थे / It may have had multiple causes. Several causes such as climate change, river shifts and economic disruption have been proposed. Use a multi-causal approach in exams.

Step 3

Exam Tip

जलवायु परिवर्तन, नदी मार्ग बदलाव और आर्थिक अव्यवस्था जैसे अनेक कारण प्रस्तावित हैं। परीक्षा में बहुकारक दृष्टिकोण अपनाएँ।

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आर्य आक्रमण द्वारा हड़प्पा सभ्यता के विनाश का पुराना सिद्धांत अब कम स्वीकार्य क्यों है?

Why is the old theory of destruction of the Harappan Civilisation by an Aryan invasion less accepted now?

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A. इसके समर्थन में पर्याप्त पुरातात्विक प्रमाण नहीं हैंIt lacks sufficient archaeological evidence

Step 1

Concept

There is insufficient evidence of widespread violent destruction or a uniform invasion. Compare older and newer interpretations in exams.

Step 2

Why this answer is correct

The correct answer is A. इसके समर्थन में पर्याप्त पुरातात्विक प्रमाण नहीं हैं / It lacks sufficient archaeological evidence. There is insufficient evidence of widespread violent destruction or a uniform invasion. Compare older and newer interpretations in exams.

Step 3

Exam Tip

व्यापक हिंसक विनाश या एकसमान आक्रमण के पर्याप्त प्रमाण नहीं मिले हैं। परीक्षा में पुराने और नए व्याख्यात्मक दृष्टिकोण की तुलना करें।

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हड़प्पा पुरातत्व की व्याख्या करते समय सबसे उचित दृष्टिकोण कौन सा है?

Which is the most appropriate approach while interpreting Harappan archaeology?

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A. साक्ष्यों के आधार पर सावधानीपूर्वक निष्कर्ष निकालनाDrawing cautious conclusions based on evidence

Step 1

Concept

Archaeological evidence is limited, so conclusions should be logical and cautious. Distinguish evidence from interpretation in exams.

Step 2

Why this answer is correct

The correct answer is A. साक्ष्यों के आधार पर सावधानीपूर्वक निष्कर्ष निकालना / Drawing cautious conclusions based on evidence. Archaeological evidence is limited, so conclusions should be logical and cautious. Distinguish evidence from interpretation in exams.

Step 3

Exam Tip

पुरातात्विक साक्ष्य सीमित होते हैं इसलिए निष्कर्ष तर्कपूर्ण और सावधानीपूर्ण होने चाहिए। परीक्षा में तथ्य और व्याख्या को अलग रखें।

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हड़प्पा सभ्यता का कौन सा स्थल राजस्थान में स्थित है?

Which Harappan site is located in Rajasthan?

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Correct Answer

A. कालीबंगनKalibangan

Step 1

Concept

Kalibangan is a major Harappan site located near the Ghaggar River in Rajasthan. Remember to match sites with their states for exams.

Step 2

Why this answer is correct

The correct answer is A. कालीबंगन / Kalibangan. Kalibangan is a major Harappan site located near the Ghaggar River in Rajasthan. Remember to match sites with their states for exams.

Step 3

Exam Tip

कालीबंगन राजस्थान में घग्घर नदी के निकट स्थित एक प्रमुख हड़प्पाई स्थल है। परीक्षा में स्थलों और राज्यों का मिलान याद रखें।

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हड़प्पा सभ्यता के नगरों में सार्वजनिक नालियों की सफाई के लिए क्या व्यवस्था थी?

What arrangement existed for cleaning public drains in Harappan cities?

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Correct Answer

A. निरीक्षण छिद्र और हटाने योग्य ढक्कनInspection holes and removable covers

Step 1

Concept

Covered drains had inspection holes and removable covers that aided cleaning. Treat this as evidence of civic administration in exams.

Step 2

Why this answer is correct

The correct answer is A. निरीक्षण छिद्र और हटाने योग्य ढक्कन / Inspection holes and removable covers. Covered drains had inspection holes and removable covers that aided cleaning. Treat this as evidence of civic administration in exams.

Step 3

Exam Tip

ढकी नालियों में निरीक्षण छिद्र और हटाए जा सकने वाले ढक्कन सफाई में सहायक थे। परीक्षा में इसे नगर प्रशासन का प्रमाण मानें।

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हड़प्पा सभ्यता में कांसा बनाने के लिए ताँबे में सामान्यतः कौन सी धातु मिलाई जाती थी?

Which metal was generally mixed with copper to make bronze in the Harappan Civilisation?

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Correct Answer

A. टिनTin

Step 1

Concept

Bronze was produced by mixing tin with copper. Remember the components of important alloys for exams.

Step 2

Why this answer is correct

The correct answer is A. टिन / Tin. Bronze was produced by mixing tin with copper. Remember the components of important alloys for exams.

Step 3

Exam Tip

ताँबे में टिन मिलाकर कांसा बनाया जाता था। परीक्षा में मिश्रधातु और उसके घटकों का संबंध याद रखें।

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हड़प्पाई नगरों में कचरा निपटान के प्रमाण किस रूप में मिले हैं?

In what form has evidence of waste disposal been found in Harappan cities?

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Correct Answer

A. कूड़ेदान और सोख्ता गड्ढेWaste bins and soak pits

Step 1

Concept

Waste bins and soak pits have been found near houses and streets. Link them with sanitation arrangements in exams.

Step 2

Why this answer is correct

The correct answer is A. कूड़ेदान और सोख्ता गड्ढे / Waste bins and soak pits. Waste bins and soak pits have been found near houses and streets. Link them with sanitation arrangements in exams.

Step 3

Exam Tip

घरों और गलियों के पास कूड़ेदान तथा सोख्ता गड्ढे मिले हैं। परीक्षा में इन्हें स्वच्छता व्यवस्था से जोड़ें।

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पुरातत्वविद हड़प्पाई वस्तुओं के निर्माण स्थान का पता लगाने के लिए किसका अध्ययन करते हैं?

What do archaeologists study to identify the production place of Harappan objects?

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Correct Answer

A. कच्चे माल की संरचना और निर्माण तकनीकComposition of raw materials and manufacturing techniques

Step 1

Concept

The composition of raw materials and manufacturing techniques help identify an object's source and production centre. Understand the importance of scientific analysis for exams.

Step 2

Why this answer is correct

The correct answer is A. कच्चे माल की संरचना और निर्माण तकनीक / Composition of raw materials and manufacturing techniques. The composition of raw materials and manufacturing techniques help identify an object's source and production centre. Understand the importance of scientific analysis for exams.

Step 3

Exam Tip

कच्चे माल की संरचना और निर्माण तकनीक से वस्तु के स्रोत और उत्पादन केंद्र का अनुमान लगाया जाता है। परीक्षा में वैज्ञानिक विश्लेषण का महत्व समझें।

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हड़प्पा सभ्यता के किस स्थल से अग्निवेदियों के प्रमाण प्राप्त हुए हैं?

At which Harappan site has evidence of fire altars been found?

Explanation opens after your attempt
Correct Answer

B. कालीबंगनKalibangan

Step 1

Concept

Structures interpreted as fire altars have been found at Kalibangan. Match archaeological features with the correct sites in exams.

Step 2

Why this answer is correct

The correct answer is B. कालीबंगन / Kalibangan. Structures interpreted as fire altars have been found at Kalibangan. Match archaeological features with the correct sites in exams.

Step 3

Exam Tip

कालीबंगन से अग्निवेदियों जैसी संरचनाओं के प्रमाण मिले हैं। परीक्षा में पुरातात्विक संरचना और स्थल का सही मिलान करें।

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हड़प्पा सभ्यता के संदर्भ में पुरातत्वविद आवासीय भवनों में स्नानघर मिलने से क्या निष्कर्ष निकालते हैं?

What do archaeologists infer from the presence of bathrooms in Harappan residential buildings?

Explanation opens after your attempt
Correct Answer

C. स्वच्छता और जल निकासी पर विशेष ध्यान दिया जाता थाSpecial attention was given to sanitation and drainage

Step 1

Concept

Bathrooms and connected drains indicate attention to sanitation and an advanced drainage system. Link domestic structures with urban planning in exams.

Step 2

Why this answer is correct

The correct answer is C. स्वच्छता और जल निकासी पर विशेष ध्यान दिया जाता था / Special attention was given to sanitation and drainage. Bathrooms and connected drains indicate attention to sanitation and an advanced drainage system. Link domestic structures with urban planning in exams.

Step 3

Exam Tip

घरों में स्नानघर और उनसे जुड़ी नालियाँ स्वच्छता तथा विकसित जल निकासी व्यवस्था दर्शाती हैं। परीक्षा में घरेलू संरचनाओं को नगर नियोजन से जोड़ें।

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Class 12 History Quiz FAQs

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