Class 12 Economics - National Income and Related Aggregates - Methods of calculating national income - Value Added/Product Method Expert Quiz

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राष्ट्रीय आय के सकल माप से शुद्ध माप पर जाते समय कौन सा समायोजन किया जाता है?

What adjustment is made while moving from gross measures to net measures of national income?

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Correct Answer

B. मूल्यह्रास घटाया जाता हैDepreciation is deducted

Step 1

Concept

Net measures are obtained after deducting consumption of fixed capital. Therefore depreciation is deducted.

Step 2

Why this answer is correct

The correct answer is B. मूल्यह्रास घटाया जाता है / Depreciation is deducted. Net measures are obtained after deducting consumption of fixed capital. Therefore depreciation is deducted.

Step 3

Exam Tip

शुद्ध माप स्थिर पूंजी के क्षय को घटाने के बाद मिलते हैं। इसलिए मूल्यह्रास को घटाया जाता है।

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धनात्मक शुद्ध निवेश का उत्पादन क्षमता से सबसे उचित संबंध क्या है?

What is the most suitable relation of positive net investment with productive capacity?

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Correct Answer

A. यह उत्पादन क्षमता बढ़ा सकता हैIt can increase productive capacity

Step 1

Concept

Positive net investment shows a real rise in capital stock. More capital can raise productive capacity.

Step 2

Why this answer is correct

The correct answer is A. यह उत्पादन क्षमता बढ़ा सकता है / It can increase productive capacity. Positive net investment shows a real rise in capital stock. More capital can raise productive capacity.

Step 3

Exam Tip

धनात्मक शुद्ध निवेश पूंजी स्टॉक में वास्तविक वृद्धि दिखाता है। अधिक पूंजी उत्पादन क्षमता बढ़ा सकती है।

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मूल्यह्रास को न घटाने पर शुद्ध घरेलू उत्पाद की गणना में कौन सी समस्या होगी?

What problem will arise in calculating net domestic product if depreciation is not deducted?

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Correct Answer

A. शुद्ध घरेलू उत्पाद बढ़ाकर दिखेगाNet domestic product will be overstated

Step 1

Concept

Consumption of fixed capital is deducted in net domestic product. Not deducting it makes the net measure appear higher.

Step 2

Why this answer is correct

The correct answer is A. शुद्ध घरेलू उत्पाद बढ़ाकर दिखेगा / Net domestic product will be overstated. Consumption of fixed capital is deducted in net domestic product. Not deducting it makes the net measure appear higher.

Step 3

Exam Tip

शुद्ध घरेलू उत्पाद में स्थिर पूंजी का क्षय घटाया जाता है। उसे न घटाने से शुद्ध माप अधिक दिखाई देगा।

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यदि शुद्ध निवेश और मूल्यह्रास दोनों धनात्मक हैं तो सकल निवेश के बारे में कौन सा कथन सही है?

If both net investment and depreciation are positive, which statement about gross investment is correct?

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Correct Answer

A. सकल निवेश दोनों के योग के बराबर और धनात्मक होगाGross investment will equal their sum and be positive

Step 1

Concept

Gross investment is the sum of net investment and depreciation. If both are positive, gross investment will also be positive.

Step 2

Why this answer is correct

The correct answer is A. सकल निवेश दोनों के योग के बराबर और धनात्मक होगा / Gross investment will equal their sum and be positive. Gross investment is the sum of net investment and depreciation. If both are positive, gross investment will also be positive.

Step 3

Exam Tip

सकल निवेश शुद्ध निवेश और मूल्यह्रास का योग है। दोनों धनात्मक हों तो सकल निवेश भी धनात्मक होगा।

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किस परिस्थिति में अर्थव्यवस्था पूंजी को बनाए रख रही है पर उत्पादन क्षमता नहीं बढ़ा रही?

In which situation is the economy maintaining capital but not increasing productive capacity?

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Correct Answer

C. शून्य शुद्ध निवेशZero net investment

Step 1

Concept

With zero net investment, old capital is replaced but no extra net capital is added. So capacity may remain stable.

Step 2

Why this answer is correct

The correct answer is C. शून्य शुद्ध निवेश / Zero net investment. With zero net investment, old capital is replaced but no extra net capital is added. So capacity may remain stable.

Step 3

Exam Tip

शून्य शुद्ध निवेश में पुरानी पूंजी की भरपाई होती है पर अतिरिक्त शुद्ध पूंजी नहीं जुड़ती। इसलिए क्षमता स्थिर रह सकती है।

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यदि किसी देश में शुद्ध निवेश शून्य है लेकिन उत्पादन क्षमता पुरानी तकनीक के कारण कमजोर हो रही है, तो किस अवधारणा को ध्यान से समझना चाहिए?

If net investment is zero but productive capacity is weakening due to old technology, which concept should be understood carefully?

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Correct Answer

A. तकनीकी अप्रचलन सहित मूल्यह्रासDepreciation including technological obsolescence

Step 1

Concept

Depreciation is not only physical wear, it can also relate to obsolescence. Technological change can reduce capital usefulness.

Step 2

Why this answer is correct

The correct answer is A. तकनीकी अप्रचलन सहित मूल्यह्रास / Depreciation including technological obsolescence. Depreciation is not only physical wear, it can also relate to obsolescence. Technological change can reduce capital usefulness.

Step 3

Exam Tip

मूल्यह्रास केवल भौतिक घिसावट नहीं, अप्रचलन से भी जुड़ सकता है। तकनीकी बदलाव पूंजी की उपयोगिता घटा सकता है।

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