Question 1 Expert Level 85
How can air become saturated even without cooling? A By adding enough water vapour to it B By permanently making its pressure zero C By removing all water vapour from it D By making it completely dry
Correct answer: A Saturation can occur by cooling or by adding moisture. Exam tip: remember two routes to saturation.
View question details Question 2 Expert Level 85
Which process can be involved in frost formation on an icy surface? A Only boiling B Direct deposition of water vapour as ice C Evaporation of sea salt D Air becoming liquid oxygen
Correct answer: B Frost can form when vapour changes into ice crystals on a below-freezing surface. Exam tip: distinguish dew and frost by temperature state.
View question details Question 3 Expert Level 85
Why can relative humidity become lower in the afternoon even when actual vapour remains almost the same? A Afternoon heating raises saturation vapour pressure B Vapour mass becomes zero in afternoon C No molecules remain in air in afternoon D There are no condensation nuclei in afternoon
Correct answer: A As temperature rises, air can hold more water vapour. Exam tip: link daily temperature cycle with (RH).
View question details Question 4 Expert Level 85
At the same water temperature, why can strong wind increase evaporation compared with calm air? A Because it removes the saturated boundary layer B Because it immediately turns water into ice C Because it destroys water vapour D Because wind switches off the Sun
Correct answer: A Wind removes the moist layer and increases contact with drier air. Exam tip: explain the boundary layer effect simply.
View question details Question 5 Expert Level 85
Why is water vapour called a variable gas? A Because its amount changes greatly with place and time B Because it is never found in the atmosphere C Because it remains only in solid state D Because it has no relation with weather
Correct answer: A Water vapour amount changes with temperature, location, and moisture sources. Exam tip: distinguish it from permanent gases.
View question details Question 6 Expert Level 85
Why is most atmospheric water vapour found in the lower troposphere? A Because moisture sources are near the surface and oceans B Because temperature is always higher in the upper atmosphere C Because vapour only falls from space D Because there is no evaporation near the lower part
Correct answer: A Main evaporation sources are near the surface and colder upper air holds less moisture. Exam tip: mention both source and temperature.
View question details Question 7 Expert Level 85
If air is saturated, what may be the main result of further cooling? A Rapid evaporation B Condensation or deposition C Complete disappearance of moisture D Zero air pressure
Correct answer: B When saturated air cools further, extra vapour may change into liquid or ice. Exam tip: separate condensation and deposition by temperature.
View question details Question 8 Expert Level 85
Why is vapour pressure useful in the study of humidity? A Because it expresses the partial pressure exerted by water vapour B Because it tells river flow velocity C Because it is the pitch of sound in air D Because it only measures ocean waves
Correct answer: A Vapour pressure gives a quantitative indication of water vapour in air. Exam tip: connect actual vapour pressure with moisture amount.
View question details Question 9 Expert Level 85
If (e) is actual vapour pressure and (e_s) is saturation vapour pressure, which is the correct formula for (RH)? A (RH=\frac{e_s}{e}\times100) B (RH=\frac{e}{e_s}\times100) C (RH=e+e_s) D (RH=e-e_s)
Correct answer: B Relative humidity compares actual vapour pressure with saturation vapour pressure. Exam tip: do not invert numerator and denominator.
View question details Question 10 Expert Level 85
Which is the correct matching of heat exchange in evaporation and condensation? A Evaporation releases heat and condensation absorbs heat B Both have no relation with heat C Evaporation absorbs heat and condensation releases heat D Both only create gravitational energy
Correct answer: C Latent heat is absorbed in evaporation and released in condensation. Exam tip: keep the direction of latent heat correct.
View question details Question 11 Expert Level 85
If cloud base suddenly becomes lower in an area, what moisture indication is likely? A Air needs less uplift to reach saturation B Air has become completely dry C Water vapour has disappeared D Solar radiation is zero
Correct answer: A A lower cloud base is often linked with more moisture or a smaller temperature-dew point spread. Exam tip: use lifting condensation level as a moisture indicator.
View question details Question 12 Expert Level 85
In which condition will evaporation be very slow even if surface water is available? A Low temperature, high humidity, and calm air B High temperature, low humidity, and strong wind C Dry hot air and open surface D Strong wind and high solar energy
Correct answer: A Cold, moist, and calm air weakens three major supporting conditions of evaporation. Exam tip: consider limiting factors together.
View question details Question 13 Expert Level 85
Why is it wrong to treat relative humidity as the same as rainfall probability? A Because relative humidity only shows closeness to saturation B Because rainfall never involves water vapour C Because (50%) humidity always means (50%) rainfall D Because (RH) has no relation with temperature
Correct answer: A Rain also requires uplift, droplet growth, and cloud structure. Exam tip: do not write (RH) as rain chance.
View question details Question 14 Expert Level 85
How can salinity indirectly affect evaporation from a sea surface? A Salinity can slightly reduce the vapour pressure of water B Salinity makes air completely zero C Salinity eliminates solar energy D Salinity never allows water to become gas
Correct answer: A Dissolved salts can reduce vapour pressure compared with pure water. Exam tip: still treat temperature and wind as major factors.
View question details Question 15 Expert Level 85
On what basis is the main difference between mist and fog made? A Range of visibility B Amount of oxygen in air C Height of ocean tide D Distance of the Sun
Correct answer: A Both may form from tiny droplets, but fog reduces visibility more. Exam tip: remember the visibility criterion.
View question details Question 16 Expert Level 85
What meteorological effect follows from the decrease of water vapour with height? A Upper dry layers can affect cloud development and radiation balance B Oceanic vapour is always higher aloft C Evaporation sources increase with height D Upper-air moisture has no relation to weather
Correct answer: A Vertical moisture distribution affects both clouds and energy balance. Exam tip: connect vertical humidity with weather analysis.
View question details Question 17 Expert Level 85
How can evaporation fog form when cold air moves over a warm water surface? A Warm water supplies moisture and cold air saturates quickly B Cold air has infinite vapour capacity C Warm water gives no vapour D Fog forms only without water
Correct answer: A Temperature contrast and moisture supply cause condensation near the surface. Exam tip: understand it through steam fog.
View question details Question 18 Expert Level 85
Why can an increase in water vapour reduce night-time temperature fall? A Because water vapour absorbs longwave radiation B Because water vapour stops the Sun and creates day C Because water vapour has no thermal property D Because water vapour removes gravity
Correct answer: A Water vapour contributes to the greenhouse effect and can reduce surface heat loss. Exam tip: remember that humid nights are relatively warmer.
View question details Question 19 Expert Level 85
Which mechanism is most commonly involved in cooling air to the dew point before condensation? A Air rising and expanding B Air becoming stone C Air permanently becoming water D Oxygen disappearing from air
Correct answer: A Vertical uplift makes air expand and cool to the dew point. Exam tip: connect uplift cooling with cloud formation.
View question details Question 20 Expert Level 85
In which situation is frost more likely than dew? A Surface temperature below freezing and enough moisture in air B Very hot surface and completely dry air C Surface temperature far above dew point D No water vapour in air
Correct answer: A Frost needs both a cold surface and water vapour. Exam tip: connect frost with a freezing surface.
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