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If a polluted city has high relative humidity and calm air, why does fog risk increase?

Answer and explanation

Correct answer: Particles provide condensation nuclei, while calm moist air allows droplets to persist.

Answer: A. High relative humidity means the air is close to saturation, so only modest cooling may be needed for water vapour to condense. Fine particles in polluted air can act as condensation nuclei, giving water vapour surfaces on which tiny droplets can form. Calm air does not rapidly disperse the moist air or the droplets, so the droplets can remain concentrated near the ground and reduce visibility. B is wrong because pollution particles do not destroy all water vapour. C is wrong because calm air may be moist or dry; calmness alone does not determine humidity. D is the opposite of the process: high humidity generally makes condensation easier when cooling occurs. The combination of moisture, particles, cooling, and weak ventilation explains the risk. Memory cue: humid air plus nuclei plus stillness favours fog.

Related tags

Urban FogHumidityCalm AirPollutionCondensation NucleiForms Of Condensation: DewFrostFogAnd MistForms Of Condensation Dew Frost Fog And MistWater In The Atmosphere

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