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If surface temperature is below freezing and water vapour directly deposits as ice crystals, what will be the result?

Answer and explanation

Correct answer: Frost

Correct answer: C, frost. Direct deposition occurs when water vapour changes directly into solid ice crystals without first becoming liquid water. If this process takes place on a surface below freezing, the crystals form a white, icy coating called frost. Option C is correct because it matches both clues: below-freezing surface temperature and direct deposition of vapour as ice. Option A is wrong because dew consists of liquid water droplets deposited on a surface above freezing. Option B is wrong because mist is made of tiny liquid droplets suspended in air, not a solid coating produced by deposition. Option D is wrong because liquid rain is precipitation made of liquid drops falling from clouds, not vapour depositing directly as ice on a cold surface. A useful distinction is that deposition is the reverse of sublimation: gas changes directly to solid. Memory cue: vapour directly to ice on a cold surface means frost; vapour to liquid droplets means dew.

Related tags

FrostDepositionIce CrystalsWater VapourForms Of Condensation: DewFogAnd MistForms Of Condensation Dew Frost Fog And MistWater In The AtmosphereGeography

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