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White frost after a clear calm winter night is the result of which combined condition?

Answer and explanation

Correct answer: Strong surface cooling, sufficient moisture, and below-freezing temperature

Correct answer: C. On a clear night, the ground and exposed objects can lose heat rapidly by radiation. Calm air allows the surface to remain cold instead of being mixed with warmer air. If moisture is available and the surface temperature falls to or below freezing, water vapour changes into ice crystals on the surface. This produces white frost. Option C is correct because it combines all three requirements: strong cooling, moisture, and a temperature below freezing. Option A is wrong because hot wind and low moisture oppose frost formation. Option B is wrong because clouds reduce radiational cooling, while warmth and dryness also make frost unlikely. Option D is wrong because dust alone cannot produce frost; water vapour is essential. A clear, calm winter night is a useful warning sign for strong surface cooling, but moisture and freezing temperature must also be present. Memory cue: frost needs cold plus moisture; clear and calm conditions supply the strong cooling.

Related tags

FrostClear NightWinterCoolingIce CrystalsForms Of Condensation: DewFogAnd MistForms Of Condensation Dew Frost Fog And MistWater In The Atmosphere

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