Rural–Urban Migration

Correct answer: A. Population concentration can increase in urban areas

Answer: A, population concentration can increase in urban areas. Rural-to-urban migration means that people move from villages or rural areas toward towns and cities, often seeking employment, education, healthcare, markets or other services. The receiving urban areas may therefore grow more quickly and become more crowded, while some rural areas may experience slower growth or out-migration. A is carefully worded with “can” because the size of the effect differs between places and periods. B is wrong because migration does not make rural and urban populations automatically equal. C is wrong because the movement is toward cities, so urban population generally receives an addition. D is wrong because movement from one location to another is a clear spatial change. Memory cue: rural-to-urban migration strengthens urban concentration and is closely related to urbanisation.

Correct answer: B. Availability of jobs, education, and services

Direct answer: B, availability of jobs, education, and services. Urban centers often concentrate formal and informal employment, colleges, hospitals, markets, transport, and administrative services. These are called pull factors because they attract people from villages or smaller towns. Step by step, a person may hear about a job or educational opportunity, move to the city, and then use its services and transport network. A is incorrect because tall buildings are a visible feature, not the main reason for migration. C is incorrect because climate alone cannot explain urban migration and cities may have different climates. D is incorrect because road width alone does not provide livelihoods or education. Memory cue: cities pull migrants through opportunity and services, not appearance alone.