Chemistry

Thermodynamics of Cells

वैद्युत-रासायनिक कोशिकाओं की ऊष्मागतिकी

In this Class 12 Chemistry topic from Chapter 02: Electrochemistry, students explore how thermodynamics explains the working of electrochemical cells. They connect cell potential with Gibbs free energy, determine whether a redox reaction is spontaneous, and understand the meaning of positive and negative cell potentials. The topic also introduces the relationship between electrical work, equilibrium, and the equilibrium constant, helping students interpret cell reactions quantitatively.