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In Class 12 Business Studies, the topic Budget in the chapter Planning explains how an organisation expresses its expected activities and results in numerical terms for a specific period. Students learn how budgets support planning, coordination and control by setting targets, allocating resources and comparing actual performance with planned figures. The topic also helps them understand how deviations can guide corrective action and improve managerial decision-making.
Medium · Level 6 · 25 questions
TOPIC PRACTICE
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25 questions
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Difference between budgeted and actual result
Customer complaint
Penalty of rule
Colour of advertisement
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Excess stock or stock shortage
Law will change automatically
Employees will forget leave
Budget will stop being numerical
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Prepare budget then measure actual result then compare and correct
Punish first then prepare budget
Make logo first then forget budget
Remove policy first then hide expenses
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It pre-allocates limited resources
It makes employees ruleless
It ends market demand
It necessarily increases all expenses
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Justifying every activity from a zero base
Repeating last year's budget without review
Always doubling expenditure
Converting rules into policy
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Unnecessary expenses may continue
All activities will automatically stop
Cash will always remain zero
Control will not fully end
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Training expense budget
Confidentiality rule
Production method
Sales policy
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Clear targets and realistic estimates
Secret rules
Vague language
Expenses without records
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Quality may suffer because necessary resources will not be available
Quality will always increase
Production will always stop
Cash will always remain surplus
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Fixing production and purchase quantities according to sales forecast
Spending without record
Hiding policy
Punishing customers
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Review causes and examine sales efforts or price strategy
Immediately dismiss every employee
Delete cash records
Remove the word budget
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Wrong assumptions may make a budget impractical
Budget is always perfect
Budget never involves estimation
Budget is not related to control
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Because a budget states expected figures for a definite period
Because budget is only a permanent rule
Because budget has no target
Because time period removes numbers
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Budgeted income statement
Entry rule
Attendance register
Procedure chart
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When targets are challenging but achievable
When targets are impossible
When there is no communication
When actual performance is never measured
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Decide on revised approval after reviewing performance and priority
Continue spending without approval
Hide all records
Declare budget as rule
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Administrative expense budget
Sales quantity budget
Production unit budget
Raw material budget
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Because demand, prices and competition can affect budget figures
Because external environment removes numbers
Because budget is never related to future
Because it makes budget a rule
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Full capacity may not be utilised
Motivation will always be maximum
Cost will always be zero
Control will not be needed
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Every expense will be recorded under an approved budget head
Cash will be withdrawn without record
Actual expense will never be compared
Budget will only be displayed on the wall
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Sales budget
Conduct rule
Recruitment policy
Work procedure
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Fund shortage or cost variance may occur
Sales will always double
Staff leave will automatically reduce
Policy will end
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There is a sudden major change in raw material price
Office poster colour was disliked
An employee lost a pen
Meeting started five minutes late
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To improve future estimates using past trends
To hide all expenses
To remove rules
To confuse employees
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cash budget / Cash budget
production budget / Production budget
training budget / Training budget
packaging budget / Packaging budget
Question 1MediumLevel 6
What does variance mean in budgeting?बजट में variance का अर्थ क्या है?
Correct answer:सही उत्तर:A
Variance is the difference between budgeted and actual figures. In exams, connect variance analysis with the control step.variance budgeted और actual figures के बीच difference है। परीक्षा में variance analysis को control step से जोड़ें।
If the production budget does not match the sales budget, what problem may arise?यदि उत्पादन बजट बिक्री बजट से मेल नहीं खाता, तो कौन-सी समस्या हो सकती है?
Correct answer:सही उत्तर:A
Coordination between sales and production budgets is necessary. In exams, connect unmatched budgets with coordination problems.sales और production budgets का coordination जरूरी है। परीक्षा में unmatched budgets को coordination problem से जोड़ें।
Which option shows the correct sequence of budgetary control?किस विकल्प में budgetary control का सही क्रम दिखता है?
Correct answer:सही उत्तर:A
Budgetary control includes standard, actual comparison and corrective action. In exams, remember the steps of control process.budgetary control में standard, actual comparison और corrective action शामिल होते हैं। परीक्षा में control process के steps याद रखें।
Which aspect of budget is related to efficient use of resources?बजट का कौन-सा पहलू संसाधनों के कुशल उपयोग से संबंधित है?
Correct answer:सही उत्तर:A
Budget allocates resources in a planned manner. In exams, treat resource allocation as a major benefit of budget.budget resources को planned manner में allocate करता है। परीक्षा में resource allocation को budget का प्रमुख लाभ मानें।
What is the basic idea of zero-based budgeting?शून्य-आधारित बजट का मूल विचार क्या है?
Correct answer:सही उत्तर:A
In zero-based budgeting, every expense is justified afresh. In exams, remember it as different from copying the old budget.zero-based budgeting में हर खर्च को नए सिरे से justify किया जाता है। परीक्षा में इसे old budget copy करने से अलग याद रखें।
If a department only adds ten percent to last year's budget every year, what risk may arise?यदि department हर साल पिछले budget में केवल दस प्रतिशत जोड़ता है, तो किस जोखिम की संभावना है?
Correct answer:सही उत्तर:A
An incremental approach may continue old waste. In exams, think of zero-based thinking in such cases.incremental approach पुराने waste को जारी रख सकता है। परीक्षा में ऐसे case में zero-based thinking याद करें।
Which budget can control the cost of a training programme?किस budget से training programme के खर्च को नियंत्रित किया जा सकता है?
Correct answer:सही उत्तर:A
A training expense budget fixes expected cost. In exams, connect activity-specific expense with the related budget.training expense budget expected cost तय करता है। परीक्षा में activity-specific खर्च को संबंधित budget से जोड़ें।
Which condition is most important for making a budget effective?बजट को प्रभावी बनाने के लिए कौन-सी शर्त सबसे महत्वपूर्ण है?
Correct answer:सही उत्तर:A
A good budget should be clear and realistic. In exams, treat unrealistic assumptions as a reason for budget failure.अच्छा budget clear और realistic होना चाहिए। परीक्षा में unrealistic assumptions को budget failure का कारण मानें।
If the budget is set too low, what may be the effect on quality?यदि budget बहुत कम रखा गया है, तो quality पर क्या प्रभाव पड़ सकता है?
Correct answer:सही उत्तर:A
A very low budget can pressurise both operations and quality. In exams, remember the limitation of under-budgeting.बहुत कम budget operations और quality दोनों पर दबाव डाल सकता है। परीक्षा में under-budgeting की limitation याद रखें।
Which option most clearly shows the coordination role of budget?किस विकल्प में budget का coordination role सबसे स्पष्ट है?
Correct answer:सही उत्तर:A
Sales, production and purchase budgets are interlinked. In exams, connect budget with interdepartmental coordination.sales, production और purchase budgets एक-दूसरे से जुड़े होते हैं। परीक्षा में budget को interdepartmental coordination से जोड़ें।
If actual sales are lower than the budget, which corrective action may be suitable?यदि वास्तविक बिक्री budget से कम हो, तो कौन-सा corrective action उपयुक्त हो सकता है?
Correct answer:सही उत्तर:A
Lower sales require reason analysis and corrective action. In exams, do not treat variance as automatic failure.कम sales पर reason analysis और corrective action जरूरी है। परीक्षा में variance को automatic failure न मानें।
Which statement states a limitation of budget?कौन-सा कथन budget की limitation बताता है?
Correct answer:सही उत्तर:A
A budget is based on future estimates, so wrong assumptions create risk. In exams, connect assumptions with limitation.budget future estimates पर आधारित होने से गलत अनुमान का risk रहता है। परीक्षा में assumptions को limitation से जोड़ें।
Why is mentioning the time period necessary in a budget?बजट में समय अवधि का उल्लेख क्यों आवश्यक है?
Correct answer:सही उत्तर:A
A budget is always linked with a period. In exams, treat period as an essential element while preparing budget.budget हमेशा किसी period से जुड़ा होता है। परीक्षा में budget बनाते समय period को अनिवार्य element मानें।
Which budget can give an overall estimate of expected profit?किस बजट से expected profit का समग्र अनुमान मिल सकता है?
Correct answer:सही उत्तर:A
A budgeted income statement shows profit from expected revenue and expenses. In exams, connect profit planning with budgeted statements.budgeted income statement expected revenue और expenses से profit दिखाता है। परीक्षा में profit planning को budgeted statement से जोड़ें।
In which situation can a budget motivate employees?किस स्थिति में budget employees को motivate कर सकता है?
Correct answer:सही उत्तर:A
Achievable targets can increase effort. In exams, connect budget targets with motivation but avoid unrealistic targets.achievable targets effort बढ़ा सकते हैं। परीक्षा में budget target को motivation से जोड़ें लेकिन unrealistic target से बचें।
If the advertising budget is exhausted but the campaign is incomplete, what should management do?यदि advertising budget खर्च हो गया है पर campaign अधूरा है, तो management को क्या करना चाहिए?
Correct answer:सही उत्तर:A
Review and approval are necessary in budget overruns. In exams, connect extra spending with proper approval.budget overrun में समीक्षा और स्वीकृति जरूरी है। परीक्षा में अतिरिक्त खर्च को proper approval से जोड़ें।
Which budget will include administrative expenses like salaries, rent and office expenses?किस बजट में वेतन, किराया और कार्यालय खर्च जैसे administrative खर्च शामिल होंगे?
Correct answer:सही उत्तर:A
An administrative expense budget estimates office-related expenses. In exams, connect salary and rent with administrative budget.administrative expense budget office-related खर्चों का अनुमान देता है। परीक्षा में salary और rent को administrative budget से जोड़ें।
Why should external environment be considered while preparing a budget?बजट बनाते समय बाहरी वातावरण का ध्यान क्यों रखना चाहिए?
Correct answer:सही उत्तर:A
Market conditions can change budget estimates. In exams, include environment in budget assumptions.market conditions बजट के अनुमानों को बदल सकती हैं। परीक्षा में budget assumptions में environment को शामिल करें।
If a budget sets very easy targets, what problem may arise?यदि budget बहुत आसान target रखता है, तो कौन-सी समस्या हो सकती है?
Correct answer:सही उत्तर:A
Very easy targets can hide underperformance. In exams, keep budget targets challenging but realistic.बहुत आसान target underperformance को छिपा सकता है। परीक्षा में budget target को challenging but realistic रखें।
Which statement shows budgetary discipline?किस कथन में budgetary discipline दिखता है?
Correct answer:सही उत्तर:A
Recording under approved budget heads controls expenditure. In exams, connect documentation with budget discipline.approved budget head में record रखने से खर्च पर नियंत्रण रहता है। परीक्षा में documentation को budget discipline से जोड़ें।
Which is a correct example of a functional budget?कार्यात्मक बजट का सही उदाहरण कौन-सा है?
Correct answer:सही उत्तर:A
A sales budget is linked with a departmental function. In exams, connect functional budget with a specific function.sales budget एक department function से जुड़ा budget है। परीक्षा में functional budget को specific function से जोड़ें।
If raw material cost is underestimated in a budget, what effect may it have on production planning?यदि budget में raw material cost कम अनुमानित है, तो production planning पर क्या असर पड़ सकता है?
Correct answer:सही उत्तर:A
Underestimating cost can create funding problems in actual purchase. In exams, keep cost estimates realistic.कम cost estimate actual purchase में funding problem ला सकता है। परीक्षा में cost estimates को realistic रखना जरूरी है।
Which option shows a correct need for budget revision?किस विकल्प में budget revision की सही जरूरत दिखाई देती है?
Correct answer:सही उत्तर:A
A change in material price can affect budget figures. In exams, think of budget revision when a major assumption changes.material price change budget figures को प्रभावित कर सकता है। परीक्षा में major assumption change पर budget revision सोचें।
Why is historical data used while preparing a budget?बजट बनाते समय historical data का उपयोग किसलिए किया जाता है?
Correct answer:सही उत्तर:A
Past data gives a base for estimates but should not be copied blindly. In exams, mention both historical data and current conditions.past data estimates को आधार देता है लेकिन blindly copy नहीं करना चाहिए। परीक्षा में historical data और current conditions दोनों लिखें।
Which budget will estimate expected collection from debtors?किस budget से debtors से expected collection का अनुमान मिलेगा?
Correct answer:सही उत्तर:A
Collection from debtors is a cash inflow, so it comes in cash budget. In exams, connect receipts with cash budget.debtors collection cash inflow है इसलिए cash budget में आता है। परीक्षा में receipts को cash budget से जोड़ें।
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