The Legislature

The Lok Sabha is the directly elected House with a normal fixed term, although it may be dissolved earlier. The Rajya Sabha, in contrast, is a permanent House and is not subject to dissolution; one-third of its members retire every two years, maintaining continuity. Consequently, option A is correct. Dissolution of the Lok Sabha does not end Parliament altogether, and it does not remove the constitutional need for fresh elections.

The Lok Sabha is the popular House because its members are elected directly by eligible voters from territorial constituencies in general elections. This creates a direct electoral link between citizens and their parliamentary representatives, which supports democratic representation and political accountability. Hence option A is correct. Presidential nomination, election by State Legislatures, and judicial selection describe neither the normal composition nor the constitutional basis of the Lok Sabha.

The governing concept is representation: elected members carry the concerns of citizens and, in the case of the Rajya Sabha, states, into the national legislature. When they raise constituency or regional problems, those concerns enter public discussion and can influence policy or government action. Thus option A directly illustrates Parliament’s representative function. Judicial hearings, administrative orders and police investigations belong to other institutions, so B, C and D are unsuitable.

Under the constitutional arrangement, the Lok Sabha normally continues for five years from the date appointed for its first meeting, unless it is dissolved earlier. After the term ends or an earlier dissolution occurs, elections are held to constitute a new House. Therefore option A is correct. Six years is the normal term of an individual Rajya Sabha member, while two and ten years do not describe the ordinary Lok Sabha term.

The governing rule is that the Rajya Sabha is a permanent House, so it is not dissolved as a whole. An individual member normally serves a six-year term. To preserve continuity, approximately one-third of the members retire every two years and are replaced through the prescribed election process. Thus option A is correct. Five years refers to the normal Lok Sabha term; two years describes the interval for retirement of a group, not an individual term.

The governing democratic principle is popular sovereignty: public authority ultimately derives from the people. Citizens elect representatives through constitutionally regulated elections, and those representatives form Parliament and make laws on the public's behalf. Therefore option A is correct. A royal tradition, ownership of private property, or permission from a foreign government cannot provide democratic legitimacy because none expresses the people's electoral choice or political consent.