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If (A={1,2,3}) and (B={a,b}), how many relations from (A) to (B) are not functions?

Answer and explanation

Correct answer: (2^{6}-2^3=56)

The direct answer is A: 2^6-2^3=56 relations are not functions. A has 3 elements and B has 2, so A×B has 3×2=6 ordered pairs. Every relation from A to B is any subset of these 6 pairs, giving 2^6=64 relations. To form a function, each of the 3 elements of A must choose exactly one of the 2 elements of B, giving 2×2×2=2^3=8 functions. Hence the relations that are not functions are 64-8=56. Option A is correct. Option B gives only the number of functions, not the number of non-functions. Option C gives all relations and fails to subtract functions. Option D uses an incorrect counting idea. Remember: non-functions = all relations - functions.

Related tags

Relations-CountNot-FunctionsClass11

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