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Geography

Insolation and factors affecting it

In Class 11 Geography, this topic explains insolation—the incoming solar radiation received by Earth—and its role in the chapter Solar Radiation, Heat Balance, and Temperature. Students learn how the angle of the Sun’s rays, duration of daylight, latitude, season, Earth–Sun distance, and atmospheric conditions affect the amount of energy reaching different places. The topic also helps them understand why heating varies across Earth’s surface and how these variations influence temperature patterns and the broader heat balance.

Expert · Level 4 · 25 questions

TOPIC PRACTICE

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  1. Radiation will reach without absorption
  2. Solar angle will increase
  3. Absorption and scattering of some solar radiation will increase
  4. Latitude will decrease
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  1. Solstice
  2. Perihelion
  3. Aphelion
  4. Equinox
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  1. Absorption scattering and reflection occur in the atmosphere
  2. The Sun suddenly becomes smaller
  3. Earth axis becomes vertical
  4. Oceans stop all rays
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  1. Night radiation increases
  2. Solar altitude is highest
  3. Earth stops moving
  4. Sea level rises
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  1. Pollution brings the Sun nearer to Earth
  2. Pollution increases day length
  3. Particles scatter and absorb radiation
  4. Pollution removes latitude
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  1. Axial tilt and slope aspect
  2. Road width and building colour
  3. Soil fertility and industry
  4. Language and population
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  1. Long day and high Sun
  2. Short day or polar night and very low Sun
  3. Maximum vertical rays
  4. Sun leaves the equator permanently
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  1. Solar angle is always same on both slopes
  2. Slope necessarily changes soil colour
  3. South-facing slope is more oriented toward the Sun
  4. North-facing slope has no day
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  1. Heat capacity and mixing differ in water and land
  2. Their distance from the Sun is different
  3. Sun does not shine on land
  4. Sea has no latitude
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  1. Sun is overhead
  2. Sun is near the horizon
  3. Rays are vertical
  4. Atmosphere is absent
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  1. Seasonal contrast would greatly increase
  2. Poles would always get vertical rays
  3. Seasonal contrast at most latitudes would greatly reduce
  4. Day length would never change but seasons would remain intense
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  1. Greater absorption and scattering of rays
  2. Doubling of solar constant
  3. Latitude becoming zero
  4. Ending of ocean tides
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  1. Insolation arrives only at night
  2. Insolation is the main received energy balanced by outgoing radiation
  3. Insolation comes only from oceans
  4. Insolation has no relation with heat balance
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  1. Permanent snow and high albedo
  2. Excess clouds and rainfall
  3. Clear sky low humidity and intense solar radiation
  4. Polar night
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  1. They reflect solar radiation by day and trap terrestrial radiation by night
  2. They change Earth rotation
  3. They make solar angle permanent
  4. They end ocean salinity
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  1. If solar altitude decreases path decreases
  2. If solar altitude decreases path increases
  3. Solar altitude and path have no relation
  4. If solar altitude increases night increases
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  1. Always clear polar desert
  2. Humid equatorial region with high cloudiness
  3. Completely cloudless plateau
  4. Dry clear desert
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  1. It reflects more and evaporates more
  2. It absorbs less energy
  3. It absorbs more and spends less energy in evaporation
  4. It has no daytime
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  1. The time of energy receipt becomes very long
  2. The Sun is always vertical
  3. Atmosphere disappears
  4. Surface is always black
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  1. High solar angle clear sky low dust
  2. Dense clouds high dust low solar angle
  3. Long day clear sky vertical rays
  4. Low albedo low humidity high transparency
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  1. Vertical Sun rays fall on the equator
  2. Earth is farthest from the Sun
  3. Moon pulls the Sun
  4. Poles have permanent day
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  1. Dusty and cloudy
  2. Clear and dry
  3. Dense foggy
  4. Smoke filled
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  1. Temperature rise will be greater
  2. There will be no effect on temperature rise
  3. Temperature rise will be lower
  4. Night will end
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  1. Because surface energy varies with atmosphere angle duration and surface properties
  2. Because solar constant has no relevance to Earth
  3. Because day and night do not exist
  4. Because latitude is same everywhere
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  1. Sudden increase in air pressure
  2. Decrease in solar constant
  3. Production of energy inside the valley
  4. Reduction in effective sunshine duration

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