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Geography

Heating and cooling of the atmosphere

In this Class 11 Geography topic, students learn how the atmosphere is heated and cooled through incoming solar radiation and outgoing terrestrial radiation. The lesson explains Earth’s heat balance and the roles of conduction, convection, advection, and latent heat in transferring energy through the atmosphere. Students also examine how land and water surfaces, cloud cover, humidity, and atmospheric circulation influence temperature patterns and help produce differences between places and times.

Expert · Level 6 · 25 questions

TOPIC PRACTICE

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25 questions

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  1. Cold dense air slides downslope
  2. Slopes become very hot at night
  3. Sea air pulls the mountain
  4. High clouds push air upward
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  1. Rising of moist air due to surface heating
  2. Complete freezing of seawater
  3. Expansion of polar night
  4. Absorption of lunar radiation
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  1. It mixes air layers and increases heat exchange
  2. It blocks solar radiation and creates night
  3. It turns oceans solid
  4. It makes Earth’s albedo zero
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  1. They scatter radiation and reduce energy reaching the surface
  2. They extract energy from Earth’s interior
  3. They bring the Sun closer to Earth
  4. They make ocean specific heat zero
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  1. Fog helps check terrestrial radiation loss
  2. Fog makes the Sun shine at night
  3. Fog makes air a vacuum
  4. Fog turns sea into land
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  1. More shortwave solar radiation reaches the surface
  2. Terrestrial radiation stops
  3. Heat capacity of air disappears
  4. Convection becomes impossible
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  1. Water vapour absorbs longwave radiation
  2. Water vapour stops all winds
  3. Moisture moves the Sun farther away
  4. Moisture turns land into metal
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  1. Because wind mixes the air
  2. Because wind blocks the Sun
  3. Because wind stops Earth’s rotation
  4. Because wind turns clouds into stones
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  1. Vertical mixing is weak
  2. Sun shines only at poles
  3. Sea breeze stops and pressure is zero
  4. Air completely changes into water
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  1. Sun facing slope receives more radiation and becomes warmer
  2. All slopes always heat equally
  3. Slope direction has no relation with radiation
  4. Shaded slope receives more solar energy
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  1. Clear night because radiational heat loss is greater
  2. Cloudy night because clouds always produce cold
  3. There is no difference between them
  4. Cloudy night because the Sun remains hidden
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  1. Direct temperature difference between surface and air
  2. Only ocean salinity
  3. Moon’s orbital motion
  4. Thickness of ozone layer
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  1. From air to surface
  2. From surface to air
  3. From space to sea
  4. From stratosphere to lithosphere
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  1. The atmosphere is largely transparent to solar energy
  2. The atmosphere is completely solid
  3. The atmosphere has no gases
  4. The atmosphere exists only above oceans
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  1. Because cooler Earth emits energy at longer wavelengths than the Sun
  2. Because Earth emits only visible light
  3. Because it is emitted only in daytime
  4. Because it is a sound wave
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  1. Greenhouse gases absorb and re radiate terrestrial radiation
  2. Greenhouse gases block the Sun and always create ice
  3. Greenhouse effect occurs only in oceans
  4. Greenhouse effect speeds Earth’s rotation
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  1. It makes local warm air lighter and lifts it
  2. It makes pressure equal everywhere
  3. It turns air solid
  4. It removes gravity
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  1. Radiation loss will be greater and heat storage lower
  2. Clouds will return more heat
  3. Water vapour will be very high
  4. Land will cool slowly like sea
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  1. Surface temperature reaches near or below freezing point
  2. Surface becomes very hot
  3. Sea breeze stops and produces rain
  4. Ozone freezes on the surface
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  1. Water has mixing and high heat capacity
  2. Sunlight never reaches water
  3. Water heats only by conduction
  4. Water always has zero albedo
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  1. When lower air becomes warm and lighter
  2. When upper air is not always colder than lower air
  3. When air has no water vapour
  4. When Earth’s albedo becomes permanent
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  1. Air compresses and warms as pressure increases
  2. Descending air becomes the Sun
  3. Pressure decreases in descending air
  4. It takes energy only from the ocean
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  1. Descending air warms by compression
  2. It takes heat from the Moon
  3. It arrives after cooling in the sea
  4. It is not air
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  1. Convection
  2. Only molecular conduction
  3. Absence of terrestrial radiation
  4. Snow reflection
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  1. Emission of energy to space as longwave radiation
  2. Complete absorption of solar radiation
  3. Land remaining always hot
  4. Sea remaining permanently solid

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