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Subjects

Geography

Heating and cooling of the atmosphere

In this Class 11 Geography topic, students learn how the atmosphere is heated and cooled through incoming solar radiation and outgoing terrestrial radiation. The lesson explains Earth’s heat balance and the roles of conduction, convection, advection, and latent heat in transferring energy through the atmosphere. Students also examine how land and water surfaces, cloud cover, humidity, and atmospheric circulation influence temperature patterns and help produce differences between places and times.

Expert · Level 5 · 25 questions

TOPIC PRACTICE

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  1. Surface receives energy and then exchanges it through radiation conduction convection advection and latent heat
  2. The Sun directly heats all air equally
  3. Only clouds control temperature
  4. Only the sea heats the atmosphere
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  1. Longwave radiation from Earth
  2. Direct ultraviolet radiation from Sun
  3. Ozone heat descending from stratosphere
  4. Visible light from clouds
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  1. Air is a poor conductor of heat
  2. Air is completely opaque
  3. Conduction occurs only in oceans
  4. Sunlight is not needed in conduction
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  1. Surface loses heat by longwave radiation
  2. Air instantly releases solar radiation
  3. Clouds always send heat outward
  4. Oceans completely stop conduction
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  1. Strong wind and dense clouds
  2. Rapid radiational cooling of land
  3. Strong daytime convection
  4. Continuous moist wind from sea
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  1. Horizontal heat transfer
  2. Vertical transfer of heat and moisture
  3. Only polar ice formation
  4. Only stratospheric formation
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  1. Advection is vertical and convection is horizontal
  2. Advection is horizontal and convection is vertical heat transfer
  3. Both occur only in oceans
  4. Radiation is the main medium in both
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  1. Cool air from sea moves toward land
  2. Warm air from land moves toward sea
  3. Sea receives no solar radiation
  4. Conduction stops at the coast
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  1. Land cools later than sea
  2. Land cools faster and develops high pressure
  3. Sea completely freezes at night
  4. Moon heats the sea more
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  1. Greatly raises day temperature and lowers night temperature
  2. Reduces diurnal temperature range
  3. Always doubles diurnal range
  4. Affects only polar regions
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  1. More clouds and high humidity
  2. Low humidity and little cloud cover
  3. Dense forest and heavy rainfall
  4. Permanent snow and thick fog
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  1. It absorbs longwave terrestrial radiation
  2. It reflects all visible rays
  3. It only forms oxygen
  4. It completely blocks solar radiation
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  1. When water vapour condenses
  2. When snow increases reflection
  3. When rocks block light
  4. When air becomes a perfect vacuum
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  1. Vegetation uses energy in transpiration and shading
  2. Vegetation stops Earth’s rotation
  3. Vegetation brings stratosphere downward
  4. Vegetation produces solar radiation
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  1. Concrete surfaces store heat and release it slowly
  2. Solar radiation does not reach cities
  3. Transpiration is very high in cities
  4. Cities are always near the sea
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  1. Wet soil uses more energy for evaporation
  2. Sunlight does not reach dry soil
  3. Wet soil has no heat capacity
  4. Clouds form inside dry soil
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  1. Dark surface absorbs more radiation
  2. White surface creates more longwave radiation
  3. Dark surface has no heat capacity
  4. White surface is closer to the Sun
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  1. Snow has very low albedo
  2. Snow reflects much solar radiation
  3. Snow pulls heat from Earth’s interior
  4. Snow accelerates convection
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  1. Because temperature is maximum immediately after sunrise
  2. Because energy gain remains greater than energy loss for some time
  3. Because the Sun comes closer after noon
  4. Because night radiation begins at noon
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  1. High specific heat of water
  2. Complete opacity of water
  3. Absence of radiation in sea
  4. Absence of winds over oceans
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  1. Land has lower specific heat and weak maritime influence
  2. Land is always covered with clouds
  3. Sun does not shine on continents
  4. Advection occurs only in oceans
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  1. Distance from terrestrial radiation source increases upward
  2. There is no sunlight aloft
  3. There is no gravity aloft
  4. Water vapour is always higher aloft
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  1. Air becomes relatively warmer with height
  2. Pressure increases with height
  3. Sun rises at night aloft
  4. Gravity becomes zero aloft
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  1. Cold dense air flows downslope
  2. Warm air always descends
  3. Sun shines more in valleys at night
  4. Pressure is zero in valleys
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  1. Heated slopes make nearby air rise upslope
  2. Valley air becomes ice
  3. Pressure is always higher aloft
  4. Night cooling increases during day

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