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Geography

Distribution of temperature and inversion of temperature

This Class 11 Geography topic explains how temperature varies across the Earth’s surface and through the atmosphere as part of solar radiation, heat balance, and temperature studies. Students learn about horizontal and vertical temperature distribution, the normal decrease of temperature with altitude, and the factors that influence it, including latitude, land and water, ocean currents, winds, and relief. The topic also examines temperature inversion, its causes, types, and effects on air movement, fog, pollution, and local weather conditions.

Hard · Level 5 · 25 questions

TOPIC PRACTICE

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  1. Due to strong thermal contrast between land and water
  2. Because the Sun shines vertically at the poles
  3. Because oceans freeze completely
  4. Because Earth's rotation stops
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  1. Sea heats and cools slowly
  2. Sand is always covered with snow
  3. Coasts always have high altitude
  4. Sun never shines on coasts
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  1. Maritime moderating effect is weak
  2. A cold ocean current always flows there
  3. Latitude is zero there
  4. Atmosphere is absent there
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  1. Upper air is less dense and receives less heat from the surface
  2. Distance from the Sun greatly increases with height
  3. Gravity ends on mountains
  4. Water vapour is always zero at height
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  1. The cold current cools the air above it
  2. The cold current increases solar energy
  3. The cold current turns land into mountains
  4. The cold current stops winds
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  1. It transfers heat from low latitudes to high latitudes
  2. It changes Earth's axis
  3. It turns night into day
  4. It reduces altitude
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  1. When winds carry warm or cold air to another region
  2. When winds stop Earth's revolution
  3. When winds change the Sun's altitude
  4. When winds remove latitude
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  1. Arrival of cold continental air
  2. Northward shift of the Equator
  3. Immediate rise of sea level
  4. Sun moving away from Earth
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  1. Water temperature changes slowly and uniformly
  2. Latitude does not apply over oceans
  3. Winds do not blow over oceans
  4. Solar energy does not reach oceans
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  1. It lowers day temperature and reduces night heat loss, decreasing the range
  2. It only raises day temperature and increases the range
  3. It increases solar radiation at night
  4. It has no effect on temperature
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  1. Dry air and few clouds cause strong heating and strong radiational cooling
  2. Maritime influence is very strong there
  3. Snowfall occurs throughout the year there
  4. The Sun never sets there
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  1. Oceanic area is larger there
  2. There are no seasons there
  3. Mountains are completely absent there
  4. Solar radiation is always equal there
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  1. Slope aspect and angle of solar rays differ
  2. All slopes have equal shade
  3. Earth does not rotate at height
  4. Mountain air never contains heat
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  1. In inversion, temperature increases with height
  2. In inversion, rainfall occurs everywhere
  3. In inversion, air pressure disappears
  4. In inversion, ocean currents stop
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  1. The ground cools rapidly by radiation and mixing is weak
  2. Clouds increase solar radiation
  3. Strong wind blocks cold air
  4. Sea sends heat everywhere
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  1. Cold air becomes dense and drains down slopes
  2. Cold air always rises upward
  3. Sun shines in valleys at night
  4. Valley pressure becomes zero
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  1. The warmer layer above prevents vertical mixing
  2. Pollution immediately becomes oxygen
  3. Cold air always sends pollution to space
  4. Air density is zero in inversion
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  1. It traps moisture and pollutants in lower cold air
  2. It removes all particles from the city
  3. It stops sunrise
  4. It brings sea waves into the city
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  1. Solar heating warms the surface and increases air mixing
  2. Moon suddenly gives more heat
  3. Ocean current reaches the city
  4. Air pressure completely disappears
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  1. Long clear calm night and dry air
  2. Strong stormy wind and thick clouds
  3. Strong afternoon convection
  4. Eye of a marine cyclone
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  1. Cold air collects on the valley floor and slopes remain relatively warmer
  2. The Sun shines at night on higher slopes
  3. There is no air pressure on slopes
  4. Valley floor is always maritime
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  1. Because frost can cause more damage on valley floors
  2. Because fruits grow only at poles
  3. Because inversion removes soil salinity
  4. Because inversion always gives more water to plants
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  1. Influence of ocean currents and land-water thermal contrast
  2. Complete absence of latitude
  3. Disappearance of continents
  4. Solar radiation becoming zero
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  1. The vast landmass cools rapidly by radiation
  2. The Pacific Ocean fully enters there
  3. The Equator passes through there
  4. Solar constant becomes double there
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  1. Land heats faster than water in summer
  2. The Sun does not shine in the Northern Hemisphere
  3. Oceans heat faster than land
  4. All mountains come to sea level

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