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Geography

Distribution of temperature and inversion of temperature

This Class 11 Geography topic explains how temperature varies across the Earth’s surface and through the atmosphere as part of solar radiation, heat balance, and temperature studies. Students learn about horizontal and vertical temperature distribution, the normal decrease of temperature with altitude, and the factors that influence it, including latitude, land and water, ocean currents, winds, and relief. The topic also examines temperature inversion, its causes, types, and effects on air movement, fog, pollution, and local weather conditions.

Expert · Level 4 · 25 questions

TOPIC PRACTICE

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  1. They transfer air and heat locally
  2. They stop Earth's revolution
  3. They make solar radiation zero
  4. They give equal rainfall on all coasts
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  1. Because the surface warms and starts mixing lower air
  2. Because nighttime radiation suddenly increases
  3. Because the Sun goes inside the sea
  4. Because the weight of the atmosphere disappears
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  1. Altitude variation has produced a steep temperature gradient
  2. Temperature is completely uniform there
  3. Latitude lines are missing there
  4. Water vapour is zero there
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  1. Oceanic area is very large there
  2. It receives no solar radiation
  3. All land there is as high as the Himalayas
  4. Winds do not blow there
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  1. In normal condition temperature increases with height and decreases in inversion
  2. In normal condition temperature decreases with height and increases in inversion
  3. Altitude has no effect in either
  4. Inversion forms only below oceans
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  1. Complete blocking of solar energy by thick clouds
  2. More solar energy reaching the surface due to low cloud cover and dryness
  3. More absorption due to permanent snow cover
  4. Change of latitude by ocean current
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  1. Sea breeze and water heat capacity moderate temperature
  2. The sea completely blocks solar energy
  3. The sea removes the atmosphere
  4. There are no seasons on sea coasts
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  1. In comparison between a dark urban road and fresh snow surface
  2. In comparison between two identical seawater surfaces
  3. In two corners of the same room
  4. In fields with same soil and same shade
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  1. Because pollutants can remain in the lower layer for longer
  2. Because inversion removes pollution immediately
  3. Because air quality cannot be measured
  4. Because inversion occurs only in the sea
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  1. Air is thin and receives less heat from the surface
  2. The Sun gives no energy to mountains
  3. Mountains are outside Earth
  4. Temperature measurement is impossible at height
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  1. Strong wind increases vertical and horizontal mixing
  2. Strong wind produces solar radiation
  3. Strong wind makes the ground completely hot
  4. Strong wind changes latitude
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  1. Effect of land-water thermal contrast
  2. Fault in rain gauge
  3. Age of volcano
  4. Absence of gravity in ocean
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  1. Clouds reduce solar radiation by day and longwave loss by night
  2. Clouds produce the Sun at night
  3. Clouds change Earth's orbit
  4. Clouds stop ocean currents
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  1. When a cold air mass enters the region
  2. When ocean salinity becomes zero
  3. When mountain height instantly decreases
  4. When the latitude line disappears
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  1. Fog, smoke and pollutants can persist in the lower layer
  2. Air completely disappears in the sky
  3. Inversion stops aircraft physically
  4. Sunlight never reaches Earth
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  1. Spatial differences, altitude, seasons and vertical differences like inversion are also important
  2. Average temperature is always wrong
  3. Temperature cannot be mapped
  4. Temperature has no relation with weather
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  1. Water has high heat capacity and better mixing
  2. There is no night over the sea
  3. The sea is very far from the Sun
  4. Sea surface does not absorb energy
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  1. High albedo may maintain a cooling effect
  2. Snow will double solar radiation
  3. Snow will always make temperature tropical
  4. Snow will have no relation with temperature
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  1. Distance from sea, wind direction and ocean current may differ
  2. Earth's shape will be different in both
  3. Distance from the Sun will be very different
  4. Gravity will be zero in both
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  1. Possibility of convective clouds and rainfall can decrease
  2. Rainfall becomes permanent everywhere
  3. Clouds form inside the sea
  4. Water vapour disappears from air
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  1. Rapid summer heating of land
  2. Complete freezing of oceans
  3. Expansion of polar night
  4. Complete absence of solar energy
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  1. Replacement of fields by concrete and asphalt
  2. Normal rise of tides in the sea
  3. Changing age of mountain rock
  4. Unexplained increase in river depth
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  1. Because altitude, sea, currents, winds and surface properties also control temperature
  2. Because latitude does not exist on Earth
  3. Because isotherms do not show temperature
  4. Because weather never changes
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  1. Cold air pools below and makes a limited area colder
  2. Warm air settles below and forms ice
  3. The valley floor becomes an ocean current
  4. Air pressure is zero on upper slopes
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  1. Temperature has not only horizontal map patterns but also vertical structure
  2. Temperature changes only in oceans
  3. Inversion is unrelated to temperature study
  4. Isotherms show only earthquakes

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