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Geography

Interior structure of the earth

In Class 11 Geography, this topic from the chapter “Interior of the Earth” explains how scientists understand the planet’s hidden layers. Students study the crust, mantle, and core, along with the differences between the inner and outer core. They explore how seismic waves, gravity, density, temperature, and pressure provide evidence about Earth’s composition and physical state. The topic also introduces major discontinuities that mark boundaries between layers and helps connect Earth’s internal structure with processes such as volcanism, earthquakes, and plate movement.

Medium · Level 4 · 25 questions

TOPIC PRACTICE

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25 questions

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  1. P waves are slower and S waves are faster
  2. P waves can pass through liquid but S waves cannot
  3. Both travel only in gas
  4. Both travel only outside Earth
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  1. Radius about 6371 kilometres and core from about 2900 kilometres depth
  2. Radius about 2900 kilometres and core from surface
  3. Radius about 35 kilometres and core from 5 kilometres
  4. Radius about 100 kilometres and core from 10 kilometres
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  1. Liquid outer core
  2. Continental crust
  3. Upper atmosphere
  4. Oceanic sediment
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  1. Silica and alumina
  2. Iron and nickel
  3. Oxygen and hydrogen
  4. Ice and salt
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  1. Where some seismic waves are not recorded
  2. Where sunlight shadow does not fall
  3. Where rainfall always occurs
  4. Where mountains do not exist
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  1. Refraction
  2. Deposition
  3. Condensation
  4. Weathering
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  1. They can show internal density differences
  2. They tell number of plants
  3. They measure air humidity
  4. They decide cloud colour
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  1. They indicate presence and motion of metallic materials in core
  2. They tell only type of rainfall
  3. They decide soil fertility
  4. They tell length of rivers
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  1. Internal heat can affect mantle convection
  2. Sunlight directly heats inner core
  3. Sea water cools the core
  4. Clouds make mantle solid
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  1. Continental crust is generally thicker than oceanic crust
  2. Oceanic crust is always thickest below mountains
  3. Both have equal thickness everywhere
  4. Crust has no thickness
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  1. They do not represent all depths and all layers
  2. They do not come from Earth
  3. They always come directly from inner core
  4. They destroy seismic waves
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  1. Physical properties of the medium are different
  2. Rainfall has started
  3. River source has changed
  4. Sea has dried up
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  1. In upper mantle below lithosphere
  2. Inside inner core
  3. Above atmosphere
  4. On ocean surface
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  1. How seismic waves change at different depths
  2. What is the colour of flowers at surface
  3. What shape are clouds
  4. How much sand is on river bank
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  1. Crust least dense and core most dense
  2. Crust most dense and core least dense
  3. Atmosphere denser than core
  4. Hydrosphere denser than inner core
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  1. Classification by mechanical properties
  2. Classification of river system
  3. Classification of climate zones
  4. Classification of vegetation cover
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  1. SIAL is associated with silica- and aluminium-rich lighter crustal materials, whereas the core is associated with NIFE
  2. SIAL is only the name of a layer of molten iron
  3. The core is composed mainly of silica and alumina
  4. NIFE is a mixture of salts found in ocean water
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  1. Sudden change in speed and direction of seismic waves
  2. Change in size of raindrops
  3. Foam forming on sea surface
  4. Dust increasing in air
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  1. Use of both direct samples and geophysical indirect evidence
  2. Conclusion only from surface soil
  3. Deciding layers only from weather reports
  4. Observing only sea waves
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  1. Temperature pressure and state of material
  2. Surface rainfall and wind
  3. River and soil
  4. Forest and crop
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  1. Seismic waves direct source
  2. Drilling sample direct source
  3. Meteorite direct core sample
  4. Gravity study direct mine sample
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  1. Outer core liquid and related to magnetic field
  2. Continental crust liquid iron layer
  3. Asthenosphere solid centre of Earth
  4. Inner core outermost layer
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  1. It is wrong because mantle is the thickest major layer
  2. It is correct because crust reaches the centre
  3. It is correct because crust is liquid
  4. It is wrong because core is outside Earth
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  1. Ocean salinity
  2. Production of internal heat
  3. Atmospheric oxygen
  4. Surface wind direction
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  1. Decrease of air pressure with altitude
  2. Increase in wave height in ocean
  3. Increase of temperature with depth
  4. Deposition of sediment in river

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