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Geography

Soil formation processes

In this Class 11 Geography topic from Geomorphic Processes, students learn how soil develops through the weathering of rocks and the gradual interaction of parent material, climate, organisms, relief and time. The topic explains key processes such as the addition and loss of materials, transformation of minerals and the movement of clay and other substances within the soil profile. It also helps students understand soil horizons, profile development and the influence of erosion and drainage on soil formation.

Medium · Level 2 · 25 questions

TOPIC PRACTICE

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25 questions

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  1. Residual soil forms in place and transported soil forms from brought material
  2. Residual soil forms in sea and transported soil in sky
  3. Both form only in glaciers
  4. Neither has parent material
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  1. Rivers bringing sediments from different sources
  2. Sun forming soil
  3. Sea freezing everywhere
  4. Roots becoming stone
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  1. Fine textured and often fertile
  2. Containing only large boulders
  3. Made completely of metal
  4. Made of marine coral
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  1. Because particles of different sizes occur together without sorting
  2. Because it contains only water
  3. Because it forms only by wind
  4. Because it is completely organic matter
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  1. It turns soil into sea
  2. It can increase nitrogen availability for plants
  3. It removes all organisms
  4. It turns rock into glass
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  1. Soil fertility and water holding capacity may decrease
  2. Soil will instantly become more fertile
  3. Soil pH will always be zero
  4. Water will never enter soil
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  1. Humus supply and soil protection may decrease
  2. Soil will instantly become deeper
  3. Erosion will completely stop
  4. Drainage will always be balanced
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  1. It can generally become faster
  2. It always stops
  3. It only forms sea tides
  4. It makes soil mineral free
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  1. Expansion of frozen water in cracks breaks rock
  2. It instantly turns rock into humus
  3. It carries all soil to sea
  4. It does not allow water to enter soil
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  1. Limestone
  2. Granite always
  3. Rock unrelated to marble
  4. Only coal dust
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  1. Iron can combine with oxygen to form colored compounds
  2. Only water freezes in oxidation
  3. Oxidation always keeps soil white
  4. Oxidation has no relation with minerals
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  1. Absorption of water and expansion by minerals
  2. Pressure of sea fish
  3. Decrease in distance of sun
  4. Stopping of sound speed
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  1. For activity of roots and microorganisms
  2. For making sea waves
  3. For making soil into metal
  4. For stopping the moon
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  1. Clear and developed soil horizons
  2. Only sound of soil
  3. Only distance from sea
  4. Only size of field
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  1. Soil may be relatively young or less developed
  2. Soil must be very old
  3. Soil has no parent material
  4. Soil is only seawater
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  1. They become a source of mineral particles for soil
  2. They are always only organic gas
  3. They prevent soil formation
  4. They only form marine coral
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  1. Humus helps hold moisture like a sponge
  2. Humus instantly turns water into vapor
  3. Humus closes all pores
  4. Humus only forms rock
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  1. They widen cracks and increase biological weathering
  2. They turn soil into sea
  3. They always stop water
  4. They make parent rock disappear
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  1. Speeding runoff along the slope
  2. Slowing runoff along contour lines
  3. Making soil instantly hard
  4. Reducing erosion by removing roots
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  1. It reduces soil erosion and protects topsoil
  2. It removes all organic matter
  3. It makes slope steeper
  4. It removes rainfall
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  1. Moisture is conserved and extreme temperature fluctuation decreases
  2. Soil instantly becomes lava
  3. All moisture disappears
  4. No organic matter remains in soil
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  1. If erosion exceeds formation soil decreases
  2. Soil erosion always increases soil
  3. Soil formation is completed in one day
  4. Erosion and formation have no relation
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  1. Because root binding and leaf cover decrease
  2. Because trees turn soil into sea
  3. Because rainfall always stops
  4. Because parent rock ends
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  1. Roots can extend cracks and add organic matter deeper
  2. It removes all water from soil
  3. It ends Earth gravity
  4. It turns soil into metal
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  1. They decompose organic remains and release nutrients
  2. They burn soil
  3. They stop all roots
  4. They only make sea salt

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