Endogenic and exogenic forces

Correct answer: B. Wind deposition

Wind transports sand and deposits it at suitable places forming dunes. For exams connect dunes with wind deposition.

Correct answer: A. Hardness joints and mineral composition change the rate

Joints hardness and minerals in rocks affect the rate of weathering. For exams remember rock nature along with climate.

Correct answer: A. Long-term weathering and erosion

Weathering and erosion gradually cut sharp mountain forms. For exams consider old mountains more eroded.

Correct answer: A. Erosion may become stronger due to increased slope

Uplift can increase slope and raise the river's erosive power. For exams understand the relation between endogenic uplift and exogenic erosion.

Correct answer: A. Solar energy

Solar energy powers external processes by influencing climate winds and the water cycle. For exams also consider gravity as a supporting force.

Correct answer: B. Mass movement

In mass movement material moves downslope directly due to gravity. For exams identify gravity as its main force.

Correct answer: A. Weathering and biological activities

Soil formation involves weathering of rocks and contribution of organic matter. For exams connect it with exogenic processes.

Correct answer: A. Endogenic creates relief and exogenic modifies it

Endogenic forces create landforms and exogenic forces modify them by erosion or deposition. For exams remember their interaction.

Correct answer: A. Lowering land by wearing away and removal

Denudation lowers land through external actions like weathering erosion and mass movement. For exams connect it with lowering of landforms.

Correct answer: A. River delta

A delta forms from sediments deposited by a river. For exams remember delta as an example of fluvial deposition.

Correct answer: A. Rift valley

Tensional forces can pull the crust apart and form faults and rift valleys. For exams connect rift valley with tension and faulting.

Correct answer: B. Continuous interaction of endogenic and exogenic processes

Landforms develop through continuous internal construction and external modification. For exams understand it as a continuous dynamic process.

Correct answer: B. Tree roots widening cracks in rocks

Tree roots can grow into rock cracks and widen them. For exams treat the effect of organisms as biological weathering.

Correct answer: A. Weathering weakens rock and erosion can remove it

Weathering breaks or weakens rocks and erosion removes and carries material. For exams treat these as related sequential processes.

Correct answer: A. Large difference between day and night temperature

Large temperature difference causes repeated expansion and contraction in rocks. For exams connect desert regions with this example.

Correct answer: A. Aggradation

Direct answer: Option A, aggradation. Aggradation is the building up of the land surface when sediments are deposited, especially in low-lying areas, valleys, floodplains and basins. Rivers may carry sand, silt and clay and then leave them where their speed decreases. This gradually fills low places. Option A is correct because it specifically describes accumulation and raising or filling of the surface. Option B, orogeny, is mountain building caused mainly by crustal compression and tectonic movement. Option C, faulting, is the breaking and displacement of crustal blocks along a fracture. Option D, volcanism, includes the movement and eruption of magma; it is not the general process of depositing ordinary sediments in low areas. The contrast is useful: aggradation adds material, while degradation removes and lowers material. Memory cue: aggradation = accumulation and heightening.

Correct answer: B. It is linked with magma and gases from inside Earth

In volcanism magma gases and material from inside Earth move toward the surface. For exams remember it as an endogenic process.

Correct answer: A. In mass wasting

In mass wasting material moves downslope due to gravity. For exams remember slope and gravity together.

Correct answer: A. Mainly endogenic force

Endogenic forces help form mountains plateaus and new landforms. For exams treat them as relief-building forces.

Correct answer: A. Mainly exogenic force

Exogenic forces modify and reduce landforms through weathering erosion and deposition. For exams also understand them as denudational forces.

Correct answer: A. Slow

Hard rocks with few joints allow less entry of external agents. For exams treat joints as important pathways for weathering.

Correct answer: A. Low gradient and more bends in plains

In plains rivers form bends and erode banks increasing lateral erosion. For exams connect it with mature river stage.

Correct answer: C. Exogenic processes occur only inside Earth

Exogenic processes occur on Earth's surface through external agents. For exams consider processes inside Earth as endogenic.

Correct answer: A. Volcanic cone eroded by rain and streams

A volcanic cone forms by an endogenic process and rain or streams modify it by exogenic erosion. For exams treat such examples as interaction.

Correct answer: A. Endogenic creates inequality and exogenic reduces it

Endogenic forces create relief while exogenic forces erode it toward balance. For exams remember the relation between construction and leveling.