Geography

Endogenic and exogenic forces

Q: Which relation between uplift and denudation is important in geomorphic balance?

Their rates control development of relief and slope The rates decide whether the surface rises or is lowered by erosion. Exam tip: analyze rates comparatively.

Q: Which type of process can chemically alter rocks and form new mineral composition?

Chemical weathering In chemical weathering, water and dissolved substances alter minerals. Exam tip: do not treat alteration as only physical breaking.

Q: In which example is physical weathering most likely?

High day-night temperature range and low moisture Thermal expansion and contraction can break rocks in dry regions. Exam tip: link temperature range with physical weathering.

Q: In which condition does river deposition become more likely?

When the river's carrying capacity decreases The direct answer is A: deposition becomes more likely when a river’s carrying capacity decreases. A river can carry sediment only while its speed and available energy are sufficient. Step by step: the river loses energy because of a gentler slope, lower velocity, a wider channel, or entry into still water; its carrying capacity falls; the heavier particles settle first, followed by finer particles. Option A is correct because reduced capacity makes the river drop its load. Option B is wrong because increasing slope and velocity usually increase transport and erosion. Option C is wrong because no sediment is available to deposit. Option D is wrong because uplift and increased velocity generally increase erosive power rather than deposition. Memory cue: deposition begins when a river can no longer carry its load.

Q: If rainfall is high and vegetation is removed, which change in exogenic action is more likely?

Slope and soil erosion will increase Removal of vegetation exposes soil and rainfall erodes it easily. Exam tip: treat vegetation as a protective factor.

Q: Which process is most fundamental in the formation of major mountain chains?

Plate convergence and crustal compression Major mountain chains are linked with crustal compression and folding. Exam tip: treat mountain building as an endogenic process.

Q: Which is the correct match between agent and process in exogenic processes?

River and erosion transportation deposition A river is an exogenic agent that erodes, transports and deposits. Exam tip: remember an agent through its set of actions.

In this Class 11 Geography topic from the chapter Geomorphic Processes, students learn how endogenic forces originate within the Earth and shape its surface through tectonic movements, folding, faulting, earthquakes, and volcanism. They also examine exogenic forces acting at or near the surface, including weathering, erosion, mass movement, and deposition. The topic explains how these internal and external processes interact over time to create and modify landforms such as mountains, valleys, plains, and plateaus.

Hard · Level 6 · 25 questions

Practice questions

01When can calling endogenic forces constructive and exogenic forces destructive be misleading?

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Answer and explanation

Correct answer: A. When volcanoes also destroy and river deposition also creates new land

Both processes can construct or destroy depending on context. Exam tip: look at outcomes rather than simple labels.

Endogenic and exogenic forces

Practice questions

02Which relation between uplift and denudation is important in geomorphic balance?भू-आकृतिक संतुलन में उत्थान और अपक्षरण के बीच कौन सा संबंध महत्वपूर्ण है?

04In which example is physical weathering most likely?किस उदाहरण में भौतिक अपक्षय की संभावना सबसे अधिक है?

05In which condition does river deposition become more likely?किस स्थिति में नदी निक्षेपण की संभावना बढ़ती है?

07Which statement clearly shows the dependence of exogenic processes on climate?किस कथन से बहिर्जात प्रक्रियाओं का जलवायु पर निर्भर होना स्पष्ट होता है?

08Which statement is most accurate for valley cutting by a river?कौन सा कथन नदी द्वारा घाटी कटाव के लिए सबसे सटीक है?

09Which process is most fundamental in the formation of major mountain chains?वृहद पर्वत श्रृंखलाओं के निर्माण में कौन सी प्रक्रिया सबसे अधिक मूलभूत है?

10Which is the correct match between agent and process in exogenic processes?बहिर्जात प्रक्रियाओं में एजेंट और प्रक्रिया के बीच सही मिलान कौन सा है?

11Why do sea waves both erode coasts and create new coastal landforms?किस कारण से समुद्री लहरें तट को काटने के साथ साथ नए तटीय स्थलरूप भी बनाती हैं?

12Which option gives the correct source and effect of endogenic forces?किस विकल्प में अंतर्जात बलों का सही स्रोत और प्रभाव दिया गया है?

14Which force is more direct in the initial formation of a rift valley?रिफ्ट घाटी के आरंभिक निर्माण में कौन सा बल अधिक प्रत्यक्ष होता है?

15Which factor does not directly control the rate of exogenic processes?कौन सा कारक बहिर्जात प्रक्रियाओं की दर को सीधे नियंत्रित नहीं करता?

16Which statement correctly distinguishes the time scale of endogenic and exogenic processes?किस कथन में अंतर्जात और बहिर्जात समयमान का सही अंतर है?

17River terraces in a valley may indicate which combined process?एक नदी घाटी में सीढ़ीनुमा नदी वेदिकाएँ किस संयुक्त प्रक्रिया का संकेत दे सकती हैं?

18Which example involves breakdown of material in place but not transportation?किस उदाहरण में पदार्थ का स्थान पर टूटना तो है पर परिवहन नहीं है?

19Under which condition will wind erosion be more effective?किस परिस्थिति में पवन अपरदन अधिक प्रभावी होगा?

20Which option has an incorrect classification of the process?किस विकल्प में प्रक्रिया का वर्गीकरण गलत है?

21Why is the idea of matter and energy important in geomorphic processes?भू-आकृतिक प्रक्रियाओं में पदार्थ और ऊर्जा का विचार क्यों आवश्यक है?

23Which statement correctly analyzes geomorphic activity in high mountain areas?किस कथन में उच्च पर्वतीय क्षेत्र की भू-आकृतिक सक्रियता का सही विश्लेषण है?

24Why can erosion rates differ in two areas with the same rainfall?किस कारण से समान वर्षा वाले दो क्षेत्रों में भी अपरदन दर अलग हो सकती है?

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Analytics choices

02Which relation between uplift and denudation is important in geomorphic balance?

04In which example is physical weathering most likely?

05In which condition does river deposition become more likely?

07Which statement clearly shows the dependence of exogenic processes on climate?

08Which statement is most accurate for valley cutting by a river?

09Which process is most fundamental in the formation of major mountain chains?

10Which is the correct match between agent and process in exogenic processes?

11Why do sea waves both erode coasts and create new coastal landforms?

12Which option gives the correct source and effect of endogenic forces?

14Which force is more direct in the initial formation of a rift valley?

15Which factor does not directly control the rate of exogenic processes?

16Which statement correctly distinguishes the time scale of endogenic and exogenic processes?

17River terraces in a valley may indicate which combined process?

18Which example involves breakdown of material in place but not transportation?

19Under which condition will wind erosion be more effective?

20Which option has an incorrect classification of the process?

21Why is the idea of matter and energy important in geomorphic processes?

23Which statement correctly analyzes geomorphic activity in high mountain areas?

24Why can erosion rates differ in two areas with the same rainfall?