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SubjectsGeography
वायुमंडल का सामान्य परिसंचरण और ग्रहीय पवनें
This Class 11 Geography topic explains how the atmosphere circulates globally and how planetary winds develop as a result of unequal heating, pressure belts, and Earth’s rotation. Students learn about the three-cell circulation model—Hadley, Ferrel, and Polar cells—along with the trade winds, westerlies, and polar easterlies. It also introduces the Intertropical Convergence Zone, shifting wind belts, and their role in shaping global weather and climate within Atmospheric Circulation and Weather Systems.
Expert · Level 1 · 2 questions
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Walker circulation is an east-west, or zonal, circulation system along the equatorial Pacific and other tropical regions. Differences in sea-surface temperature and pressure between the western and eastern Pacific drive surface winds and compensating vertical branches. Since its main horizontal arrangement is longitudinal rather than north-south, it is called zonal circulation.
A parcel of air moving northward or southward carries angular momentum associated with Earth’s rotation. When its distance from the rotation axis changes with latitude, its east-west or zonal velocity must adjust if angular momentum is approximately conserved. This helps explain the development of strong westerly and easterly components in upper atmospheric branches. The principle does not imply straight winds, absence of rotation, or closure of the polar cell.
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