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Why can blunt ends be relatively difficult to ligate?

Answer and explanation

Correct answer: They lack complementary overhangs

The governing concept is end compatibility during DNA ligation. Sticky ends carry short single-stranded overhangs that can base-pair with a complementary overhang on another DNA molecule. This temporary pairing holds the ends together in the correct alignment, allowing DNA ligase to seal the phosphodiester backbone efficiently. Blunt ends have no such exposed complementary bases, so two DNA molecules must collide and remain aligned without base-pairing assistance. Ligase can join blunt ends, but the reaction is generally less efficient and may need optimized conditions or a higher DNA concentration. Blunt ends are still DNA, not proteins, and they are not necessarily methylated.

Related tags

Blunt EndsSticky EndsDna LigationLigationProcesses Of Recombinant Dna TechnologyBiotechnologyClass 11 Mcq

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