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How does DNA ligase make the ends produced by restriction digestion permanent?

Answer and explanation

Correct answer: By forming phosphodiester bonds in the DNA backbone

DNA ligase seals a break between adjacent nucleotides in a DNA strand by catalysing formation of a phosphodiester bond. After restriction digestion, compatible sticky ends can pair through hydrogen bonds, but that pairing is temporary and leaves discontinuities in the sugar-phosphate backbone. Ligase uses chemical energy to join the properly aligned 3′-hydroxyl and 5′-phosphate groups, producing a continuous DNA backbone. Consequently, option A is correct and explains how a recombinant molecule becomes covalently stable. Option B describes neither ligase function nor ordinary DNA joining, C is irrelevant to catalysis, and D may help reaction conditions but cannot create the permanent covalent link. The enzyme therefore completes the ligation step rather than cutting or copying DNA.

Related tags

Dna LigasePhosphodiester BondLigationRecombinant DnaProcesses Of Recombinant Dna TechnologyBiotechnologyClass 11 Mcq

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