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How can cross-contamination be reduced in DNA extraction?

Answer and explanation

Correct answer: By fresh tips and proper labelling

Cross-contamination means that material from one sample accidentally enters another sample. It can produce a false result or make it impossible to know which sample produced an observed DNA band or measurement. Using a fresh sterile pipette tip for each transfer greatly reduces the movement of cells, DNA, enzymes, or reagents between tubes. Careful handling and keeping tubes closed are also helpful.

Correct labelling is equally important because it preserves sample identity and prevents tubes from being confused. Therefore, option A is correct. Using one tip for all samples increases contamination, leaving samples open exposes them to unwanted material, and removing labels destroys the information needed to identify them. Good technique combines fresh tips, clear labels, organized work, and clean surfaces.

Related tags

Cross ContaminationFresh TipsLabelling

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