Why is lysozyme useful while extracting DNA from bacteria?

Correct answer: To weaken bacterial cell wall

Lysozyme is an enzyme used during bacterial DNA extraction to help open the bacterial cell. Bacteria have a strong cell wall made mainly of peptidoglycan. Lysozyme breaks or weakens this supporting material, so the cell membrane and internal contents become easier to release. This is important because DNA must be freed from inside the cell before it can be purified. Therefore, option B is correct. It does not stain DNA, remove ethanol, or produce RNA; those are unrelated to the specific function of lysozyme in this procedure.

During lysis, weakening the wall makes the later disruption steps more effective and reduces the chance that the DNA remains trapped inside intact cells. Lysozyme does not directly act as a dye or a solvent. Its role is structural: it attacks peptidoglycan and assists cell lysis. Thus the phrase “to weaken the bacterial cell wall” describes its purpose accurately. The supplied answer B and explanation are scientifically consistent and sufficiently clear.