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How is recombinant DNA formed before the next transformation step after restriction digestion?

Answer and explanation

Correct answer: By joining cut vector and insert with ligase

Direct answer: Option A, join the cut vector and insert with DNA ligase. Restriction enzymes create compatible ends, such as matching sticky ends or suitable blunt ends. These ends bring the two DNA pieces together, but stable joining requires phosphodiester bonds in the sugar-phosphate backbone. DNA ligase catalyses that joining, producing recombinant DNA before transformation into a host cell. Option A is correct. Option B is wrong: heating DNA does not specifically join the pieces and may damage DNA. Option C is wrong: staining an enzyme cannot create a recombinant molecule. Option D is wrong: freezing a gel neither joins DNA nor prepares it for transformation. The sequence is cut, purify if needed, ligate, then transform and screen. Memory cue: restriction enzyme cuts; ligase seals.

Related tags

Recombinant DnaLigaseCut Vector Insert

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