What is the target molecule of a restriction enzyme reaction?Restriction enzyme reaction का target molecule क्या है?
Answer and explanationउत्तर और व्याख्या
Correct answer:सही उत्तर: DNADNA
The direct answer is A: the target molecule of a restriction-enzyme reaction is DNA. Restriction enzymes are sequence-specific nucleases. They recognize a particular short DNA sequence and break phosphodiester bonds in the sugar-phosphate backbone, producing either blunt or sticky ends depending on the enzyme. Step by step: DNA is placed in the reaction; the enzyme searches for its recognition sequence; it binds that sequence; it cuts the DNA backbone at a defined position; the resulting ends can be used in cloning. A is correct. B is wrong because proteins are not the normal substrate being cut in this reaction. C is wrong because starch is a carbohydrate and is not recognized by restriction enzymes. D is wrong because lipids are membrane-related molecules and are not the target here. The enzyme itself is a protein, but that does not make protein the target molecule. Memory cue: “restriction enzymes restrict DNA at specific sequences.”सीधा उत्तर A है: restriction-enzyme reaction का target molecule DNA है। Restriction enzymes sequence-specific nucleases होते हैं। वे DNA की एक छोटी विशेष recognition sequence पहचानते हैं और sugar-phosphate backbone के phosphodiester bonds तोड़ते हैं। Enzyme के अनुसार blunt ends या sticky ends बन सकते हैं। क्रम से: reaction में DNA रखा जाता है; enzyme अपनी recognition sequence खोजता है; उस sequence से bind करता है; निश्चित स्थान पर DNA backbone काटता है; बने हुए ends cloning में उपयोग किए जा सकते हैं। A सही है। B गलत है, क्योंकि इस reaction में protein सामान्य substrate नहीं है। C गलत है, क्योंकि starch carbohydrate है और restriction enzyme उसे नहीं पहचानता। D गलत है, क्योंकि lipid membrane-related molecule है और यहां target नहीं है। Enzyme स्वयं protein हो सकता है, लेकिन इसका अर्थ यह नहीं कि उसका target भी protein है। याद रखें: “restriction enzyme, specific DNA sequence को काटता है।”
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